Better Access to Water Raises Welfare, But Not Women’s Off-Farm Work
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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In the developing world, poor rural
women and their children spend considerable time collecting
water. Do women living in areas where more time is needed
for water collection tend to participate less in
income-earning, market-based activities? Do the education
outcomes of their children tend to be worse? This note uses
micro-data for eight developing countries to examine these
questions. Better access to water is not found to be
associated with greater off-farm paid work for women, but is
associated with less unpaid work. In countries where
substantial gender gaps in schooling exist, enrollment for
both boys and girls tends to be higher.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO MARKETS, ADEQUATE EDUCATION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, CHANNEL, CHANNELS, CHILD CARE, CHILD LABOR, ENROLLMENT, ENROLLMENT RATES, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER GAP, GIRLS, GROUNDWATER, HOUSEHOLDS, LOCAL COMMUNITY, POPULATION DENSITY, RURAL AREAS, RURAL WOMEN, SCHOOLING, SCHOOLS, WATER COLLECTION, WATER CRISIS, WATER INFRASTRUCTURE, WATER QUALITY, WATER SHORTAGES, WATER SOURCE, WATER SOURCES, WATER SUPPLY