Organic matter management for perennial crops in Amazonia.
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In a polyculture cropping system with several tree crops, organic inputs are divers and species can interact by competition or complementary for nutrients and organic matter. From many parameters of fertility and input characteristics, we tried to analyze what are the main components for the restoration of soil fertility and to consider which are the best management practices for good crop production and maintenance of soil fertility, in the Manaus-AM (Brasil). The system consists of a mixed cropping of urucu, castanha-do-Brasil, cupuacu, pupunha and pueraria as a cover crop. In this system balances were done, and organic matter fluxes and contents were measured in aboveground biomass, literfall, proning biomass, soil microbial biomass, soil matrix and soil solution. The results showed that pueraria is a key species for maintaining soil fertility an could be managed by fertilization and by spatial association with species which favor or decrease pueraria beveath their canopy.
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Tropical rain forest, Agrofloresta, Urucu, Brasil, Amazonas, Manaus, Bixa Orellana, Árvore Frutífera, Bactris Gasipaes, Bertholletia Excelsa, Castanha do Para, Cupuaçu, Cultivo Multiplo, Conservação do Solo, Fertilidade do Solo, Leguminosa, Matéria Orgânica, Pueraria Phaseoloides, Pupunha, Theobroma Grandiflorum, Pueraria, agroforestry, fruit trees, legumes, organic matter, multiple cropping, soil fertility, tropical rain forests, soil conservation