Case study #05: Ethiopia – Dryland agriculture in the highlands and protection of forest patches with unique biodiversity and high levels of endemism (West Bale)
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International Potato Center
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This case study examines rainfed agriculture in the highlands of West Bale, Ethiopia, and its interaction with the conservation of forest patches with unique biodiversity and high levels of endemism in and around the Bale Mountains National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Agricultural expansion, overgrazing, illegal logging, poaching, human settlements and weak enforcement of environmental regulations have led to forest fragmentation, loss of endemic species and degradation of key ecosystem services, including water regulation and carbon sequestration. The document identifies integrated solutions based on participatory forest management, agroforestry, sustainable intensification in buffer zones, development of local bioeconomies, payments for ecosystem services (REDD+), environmental education and institutional strengthening. The case demonstrates that agriculture can be transformed into an ally of conservation through territorial, inclusive approaches aligned with the CGIAR's Nature Positive agenda.
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biodiversity conservation, agroforestry systems, land-use change, forest conservation