Sugar Policies: Opportunity for Change

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dc.creatorMitchell, Donald
dc.date2013-07-01T17:05:53Z
dc.date2013-07-01T17:05:53Z
dc.date2004-02
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:31:12Z
dc.descriptionSugar is one of the most policy distorted of all commodities, and the European Union, Japan, and the United States are among the worst offenders. But internal changes in the E.U. and U.S. sugar and sweetener markets and international trade commitments make change unavoidable and provide the best opportunity for policy reform in several decades. The nature of reforms can have very different consequences for developing countries. If existing polices in the E.U. and the U.S. are adjusted to accommodate higher imports under international commitments, many low-cost producers, such as Brazil, will lose because they do not currently have large quotas and are not included among the preferential countries. The benefits of sugar policy reform are greatest under multilateral reform, and according to recent studies, the global welfare gains of removal of all trade protection are estimated to total as much as $4.7 billion a year. In countries with the highest protection (Indonesia, Japan, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and the U.S.), net imports would increase by an estimated 15 million tons a year, which would create employment for nearly one million workers in developing countries. World sugar prices would increase by as much as 40 percent, while sugar prices in countries that heavily protect their markets would decline. Developing countries that have preferential access to the E.U. or U.S. sugar markets are likely to lose some of these preferences as sugar policies change. However, the value of preferential access is less than it appears because many of these producers have high production costs and would not produce at world market prices.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/02/3889369/sugar-policies-opportunity-change
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14307
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3222
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418849
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, D.C.
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No.
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectANIMAL FEED
dc.subjectARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS
dc.subjectAVERAGE COSTS
dc.subjectAVERAGE VARIABLE COSTS
dc.subjectBAKING
dc.subjectBEET
dc.subjectBEET SUGAR
dc.subjectBEETS
dc.subjectCANCER
dc.subjectCANE SUGAR
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOMMODITY
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONFECTIONERY
dc.subjectCOOPERATIVES
dc.subjectCORN
dc.subjectCORN PRICES
dc.subjectCROP
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectECONOMISTS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
dc.subjectETHANOL
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFAO
dc.subjectFARM
dc.subjectFERMENTATION
dc.subjectFERTILIZERS
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFLAVOR
dc.subjectFOODS
dc.subjectFRUIT
dc.subjectFRUIT JUICES
dc.subjectFUELS
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectIMPORT QUOTAS
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINPUT USE
dc.subjectLEGISLATION
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMARGINAL COSTS
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectMOLASSES
dc.subjectNET IMPORTS
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectPOLICY ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectPOTATOES
dc.subjectPRODUCE
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectREFINING
dc.subjectREFORMULATED GASOLINE
dc.subjectSOFT DRINKS
dc.subjectSTARCH
dc.subjectSUCROSE
dc.subjectSUGAR
dc.subjectSUGAR
dc.subjectSUGAR BEET
dc.subjectSUGAR BEETS
dc.subjectSUGAR CANE
dc.subjectSUGAR INDUSTRY
dc.subjectSUGAR PRICES
dc.subjectSUGAR TRADE
dc.subjectSUGARS
dc.subjectSWEETENERS
dc.subjectSYRUP
dc.subjectVARIABLE COSTS
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWHEAT SUGAR INDUSTRY
dc.subjectSUGAR PRICES
dc.subjectSUGAR TRADE
dc.subjectSWEETENERS
dc.subjectSUGAR LEGISLATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPETITION
dc.subjectGLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectTRADE PROTECTIONISM
dc.titleSugar Policies: Opportunity for Change

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