The Long-Term Legacy of the Khmer            Rouge Period in Cambodia

de Walque, Damien

The Long-Term Legacy of the Khmer Rouge Period in Cambodia

Autores

de Walque, Damien

Editor

World Bank, Washington, D.C.

Descripción

The author studies the long-term impact of genocide during the period of the Khmer Rouge (1975-79) in Cambodia and contributes to the literature on the economic analysis of conflict. Using mortality data for siblings from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey in 2000, he shows that excess mortality was extremely high and heavily concentrated during 1974-80. Adult males had been the most likely to die, indicating that violent death played a major role. Individuals with an urban or educated background were more likely to die. Infant mortality was also at very high levels during the period, and disability rates from landmines or other weapons were high for males who, given their birth cohort, were exposed to this risk. The very high and selective mortality had a major impact on the population structure of Cambodia. Fertility and marriage rates were very low under the Khmer Rouge but rebounded immediately after the regime's collapse. Because of the shortage of eligible males, the age and education differences between partners tended to decline. The period had a lasting impact on the educational attainment of the population. The education system collapsed during the period, so individuals-especially males-who were of schooling age during this interval had a lower educational attainment than the preceding and subsequent birth cohorts.

Palabras clave

ADOLESCENCE, ADULT MORTALITY, ADULTS, AGE GROUPS, AGED, BIRTHS, CENSUS, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD SURVIVAL, CHILDHOOD, CITIES, DEATHS, DEMOGRAPHIC ACCOUNTING, DIFFERENTIAL MORTALITY, DISABILITIES, DISABILITY, DISEASES, EARLY CHILDHOOD, ECONOMIC STATUS, FAMILIES, FERTILITY, GENDER, GIRLS, HEALTH STATUS, HOUSEHOLD DATA, INFANT MORTALITY, INJURY, LIVING CONDITIONS, MALES, MANAGERS, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MIGRATIONS, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, MORTALITY RATE, MORTALITY RATES, MOTHERS, NUTRITION, POPULATION CHANGE, POPULATION COMPOSITION, POPULATION ESTIMATES, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION SIZE, POPULATION STRUCTURE, POPULATION STUDIES, POPULATION TRANSFERS, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PROFESSIONS, REFUGEES, SCHOOLS, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SIBLINGS, STUNTING, URBAN POPULATION, VICTIMS, VIOLENCE, YOUNG ADULTS, YOUNG CHILDREN