The World Bank's Evolutionary Approach to Mining Sector Reform
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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In this report, in addition to aggregate
results, six brief case studies are used to highlight the
impact of Bank supported mining sector reform on various
indicators at different links of the value chain. These
include: the impacts on investment; production and
employment in Argentina; institutional capacity building in
Papua New Guinea; production and fiscal revenues in
Tanzania; community and regional development in Madagascar;
mining sector reform and sustainable development in
Mongolia; and mining and resource corridors in Liberia. The
reforms of the 1990s and early 2000s, which focused on
increasing investment and building regulatory capacity, have
often had spectacular results with respect to investment and
good results with respect to institution building. The work
on increasing the efficiency and transparency of fiscal
regimes has also achieved significant success, although it
is still too early to make a final assessment. While the
mining sector-specific aspects of the management and
allocation of fiscal revenues are still in early days, there
do seem to have been important impacts on poverty reduction
and sustainable development in a number of countries that
have undergone mining reform, although there has been an
insufficient passage of time to make definitive judgments.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTABILITY, AGRICULTURE, ALUMINUM, ARTISANAL MINERS, ARTISANAL MINING, ARTISANAL MINING SECTOR, AUDITS, BANK LENDING, BASE METALS, CADASTRE, CADASTRES, CAPACITY BUILDING, CASM, CIVIL SERVICE, COAL, COAL MINE, COAL SECTOR, COAL SECTOR REHABILITATION, COBALT, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSTRUCTION, COPPER, COPPER MINE, DECENTRALIZATION, DECISION MAKING, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EXPANSION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EI, EI PROJECTS, EITI, EMISSIONS, EMPLOYMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTS, EXPENDITURES, EXPLOITATION, EXPLOITATION OF MINERALS, EXPLORATION ACTIVITY, EXPLORATION AND MINING, EXTERNALITIES, EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES, EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FISCAL FRAMEWORKS FOR EXPLORATION, FISCAL REFORM, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, FORESTRY, GAS, GDP, GEMSTONES, GEOLOGICAL DATA, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, GEOLOGY, GOLD, GOLD PRODUCTION, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOVERNMENT REFORM, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS SALES, HEALTH AND SAFETY, INCOME, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INTERNAL REVENUE, IRON, IRON ORE, LAND RECLAMATION, LAND USE, LAND USE PLANNING, LARGE MINING, LARGE-SCALE MINES, LAWS, LIGNITE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, MARGINAL DEPOSITS, MINE CLOSURE, MINE DEVELOPMENT, MINERAL ABUNDANCE, MINERAL DEPOSITS, MINERAL EXPLORATION, MINERAL EXPORTS, MINERAL INDUSTRY, MINERAL INVESTMENT, MINERAL LEGISLATION, MINERAL POLICY, MINERAL PRICES, MINERAL RESOURCE, MINERAL RESOURCES, MINERAL RIGHTS, MINERAL SECTOR, MINERAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, MINERALS, MINERALS SECTOR, MINERALS SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, MINES, MINING ACTIVITIES, MINING AND DEVELOPMENT, MINING AREAS, MINING COMMUNITIES, MINING DEVELOPMENT, MINING INDUSTRY, MINING INVESTMENT, MINING INVESTMENTS, MINING LAW, MINING LAW REFORM, MINING LEGAL FRAMEWORK, MINING LEGISLATION, MINING OPERATION, MINING OPERATIONS, MINING POLICIES, MINING POLICY, MINING PROJECTS, MINING REFORM, MINING REGULATIONS, MINING REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, MINING ROYALTIES, MINING SECTOR, MINING SECTOR ACTIVITIES, MINING SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, MINING SECTOR POLICY, MINING SECTOR REFORM, MINING SECTOR REFORMS, MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS, NATURAL CAPITAL, NATURAL RESOURCE CURSE, NATURAL RESOURCES, OGMC, OIL, OIL COMPANIES, OPEN PIT MINING, PHOSPHATE, PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, PRICE INCREASES, PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN MINING, PRIVATE MINING, PRIVATE MINING COMPANIES, PRIVATIZATION, PRODUCTIVITY, PROSPECTING, PUBLIC MINING, PUBLIC MINING INSTITUTIONS, QUARRYING, REGENERATION, RESOURCE CURSE, REVENUE MANAGEMENT, SCALE MINING, SECURITIES, SMALL SCALE, SMALL SCALE MINING, SMALL-SCALE, SMALL-SCALE MINERS, SMALL-SCALE MINING, SOCIAL IMPACTS OF MINING, SOCIAL MITIGATION, STABILIZATION, STATE-OWNED MINES, SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES, SUSTAINABILITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, TAX COLLECTION, TAX REVENUES, TAXATION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, URANIUM, VALUATION, VALUE ADDED, WAGES, WOMEN IN MINING, ZINC