Assessment of toxic potential of Cerrado fruit seeds using Artemia salina bioassay
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Artemia salinabioassay was used to assess toxicity of seeds and kernels of Brazilian fruits from cerrado (central high plains region)and other inner regions of the country. Water extracts of the kernels were filtered and added toArtemiacultures containing tenindividuals per mL. Dose – response curves were constructed, and LD50values were calculated. Pure potassium cyanide standardwas used to draw a calibration curve for comparison to detect the presence of cyanide in the samples tested. Extracts of the seedsof araticum, mangaba, cagaita, jatobá, and tucumã were found toxic toArtemia salina, and some of the dose – response curveswere very similar in shape to those obtained with pure potassium cyanide standards, while the samples of baru, cajá-manga,siriguela, trauma, and veludo showed no toxicity at all. The Guignard test, specific for cyanide detection, showed negativeresults in all toxic samples, suggesting the presence of other toxic compounds rather than cyanide. The comparison of araticumdose – response curve with those of other annonaceous fruits suggests the presence acetogenins as the main toxic compoundsin the seeds. These results could be useful to prevent poisoning by industrial derivatives of the fruits studied.
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