Chile : Towards Equality of Opportunity, 2006-2010
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Washington, DC
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This package of policy papers aims to
provide the Government with new analytical findings,
international experiences, as well as a number of options
which might be of interest in the deliberations of policy
actions that could improve equalities of opportunity in
Chilean society. The package includes a Development Policy
Review which examines policy options that could help Chile
to achieve the twin goals of fast and equitable growth. The
Development Policy Review focuses on social protection,
education, innovation, private sector development, and the
financing of development policies. Further, the package
includes five specific Policy Notes which provide additional
in-depth discussions on a number of selected topics, all of
them important to improving equalities of opportunity in the
country. These specific topics had been suggested to us by a
number of senior Chilean policy makers over the past months
as being of potential interest for the incoming Chilean
Government. This presentation of World Bank documents shows,
in the second section, some dimensions of inequalities of
opportunity in Chile today. The third section summarizes the
main messages of the Development Policy Review and the
specific Policy Notes in four broad areas of pro-equity
policies: strengthening and protecting human capacities;
ensuring access to infrastructure services and equitable
regional development opportunities; strengthening markets,
protecting people against macro-economic shocks and
fostering innovation-led growth; and financing pro-equity
development policies. Finally, the last section presents the
results of some quantifications as to what the results of a
number of pro-equity policies could be on growth, poverty,
and income inequality.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL, ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, ANNUITIES, BABIES, BASIC EDUCATION, CANCER, CAPITAL COSTS, CAPITAL MARKETS, CITIZENS, DEREGULATION, DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DISEASES, DISPARITIES BETWEEN MEN, DISSEMINATION, EARLY CHILDHOOD, EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION, ECONOMIC SHOCKS, EDUCATION INVESTMENT, EDUCATION POLICIES, EDUCATION SPENDING, ELECTRICITY, EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS, ENROLLMENT, ENROLLMENT RATE, ENROLLMENT RATE OF CHILDREN, EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES, EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY, EQUITABLE ACCESS, EQUITABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, EVASION, EXTERNALITIES, FAMILY WELFARE, FEMALE LABOR FORCE, FEMALE PARTICIPATION, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, GROSS ENROLLMENT, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH REFORM, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SYSTEM, HIGH INEQUALITY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME SUPPORT, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INSURERS, INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS, INTERVENTIONS, JOB CREATION, JOB SECURITY, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKETS, LATIN AMERICAN, LEARNING, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOW ENROLLMENT RATES, LOW ENROLMENT RATES, MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MALE LABOR FORCE, MALNUTRITION, MARKET FAILURES, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MOTHER, MUNICIPALITIES, NEW ENTRANTS, OLD AGE, PARTICIPATION IN DECISION, PENSION POLICIES, PENSIONS, POLICY ANALYST, POLICY DIALOGUE, POLICY MAKERS, POOR, POOR HOUSEHOLD, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION, PRE-SCHOOL PROGRAMS, PREPRIMARY EDUCATION, PRESCHOOL EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF SERVICES, PUBLIC, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC RESOURCES, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITY ASSURANCE, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF SERVICES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESPECT, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITY, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SCHOOL QUALITY, SCHOOLING, SCHOOLS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT, SERVICE PROVISION, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SUPPORT, STUDENT PERFORMANCE, STUDENT SUBSIDIES, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, TARGETING, TAX, TAX COLLECTION, TAX CREDITS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRANSPARENCY, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, URBAN AREAS, YOUNG CHILDREN