Armenia : Poverty Update

World Bank

Armenia : Poverty Update

Autores

World Bank

Editor

Washington, DC

Descripción

The report updates the poverty situation in Armenia, largely based on the Integrated Living Conditions Survey conducted during 1998-99, and provides as well, the foundation for the preparation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy. The poverty profile identifies a widespread, and still deep poverty incidence, but while this poverty seems persistent, its depth and severity may be decreasing, and extreme poverty subsiding. Notwithstanding the fact that estimates point to a stabilization of the poverty profile, there are identified population groups facing particularly high poverty risk, i.e., very young children and the elderly, unemployed and adults not participating in the labor market, and people residing in high altitude and earthquake regions. Factors behind the persistence of poverty in Armenia are: low income and high inequality in its distribution; growth which did not generate sufficient employment opportunities; and, the impact of the Russian crisis during the period under review. Recommendations call for the implementation of regular integrated household surveys (quarterly), and, include the need to focus on generating more job opportunities, by creating an environment conducive to private sector development, i.e., small and medium scale enterprises; and, increase public spending on quality education, and health, while pursuing ongoing reforms, namely, in health management and finance.

Palabras clave

POVERTY INCIDENCE, ABSOLUTE POVERTY, LIVING STANDARDS INDICATORS, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, POVERTY PROFILE, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES, POLICY OBJECTIVES, LOW INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, INCOME INEQUALITIES, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, GROWTH RATE, EMPLOYMENT GENERATION, FINANCIAL CRISES, ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, ACCESS TO LAND, EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT, HEALTH CARE DELIVERY, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, SMALL & MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES, LABOR MARKET NEXUS, PUBLIC SPENDING, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, HEALTH REFORM, HEALTH FINANCE, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS ABSOLUTE POVERTY, ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINES, ANNUAL % CHANGE, ANNUAL GROWTH, ARABLE LAND, AVAILABLE DATA, AVERAGE CONSUMPTION, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, BASIC EDUCATION, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, CASH SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, CONFLICT, CONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION, DATA SET, DATA SOURCES, DEMOGRAPHICS, DEPENDENCY RATIO, DIVERSIFICATION, DROUGHT, DURABLE GOODS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMIC STABILITY, ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, EQUIVALENT CONSUMPTION, ESCAPE POVERTY, EXCHANGE RATE, EXTREME POVERTY, FARM INCOME, FARMS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FOOD BASKET, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD POVERTY LINE, GDP, GROWTH RATES, HEAD COUNT RATIO, HEAD COUNT RATIOS, HEADCOUNT POVERTY, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH PROGRAMS, HIGH INEQUALITY, HIGH POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT SECTOR UNIT, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME INEQUALITY, INFLATION, INFLATION RATES, INFORMAL ACTIVITIES, INSURANCE, JOB MARKET, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKETS, LAND REFORM, LAND USE, LANDLOCKED COUNTRY, LITERACY, LIVING CONDITIONS, LOW INCOME, LOW INFLATION, MEAN CONSUMPTION, MEDIUM TERM, NATIONAL ACCOUNTS, NATIONAL AVERAGE, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, PERSISTENT POVERTY, POLICY CHANGES, POLICY OBJECTIVE, POLICY OPTIONS, POOR, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR POPULATION, POPULATION GROUPS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY CHANGES, POVERTY DYNAMICS, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY HEADCOUNT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY INDICES, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY MONITORING, POVERTY PROFILE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY RISK, POVERTY SEVERITY, POVERTY WORK, PRIVATE CONSUMPTION, PRIVATE TRANSFERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC INTERVENTIONS, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC SPENDING, PUBLIC TRANSFERS, REGIONAL POVERTY, RELATIVE POVERTY, RELATIVE PRICES, RURAL AREAS, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, SAFETY NET, SAMPLING FRAME, SAVINGS, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SQUARED POVERTY GAP, STATE ENTERPRISES, STRUCTURAL REFORMS, TARGETING, TASK TEAM LEADER, TRANSITION PROCESS, UNEMPLOYMENT, URBAN AREAS, URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, URBAN ONES, URBAN POPULATION, WAGES, WELFARE MEASURE