A review of the international and regional policy landscape for the management of plastics used in agriculture
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Plastics are deeply embedded in modern agriculture, yet global governance frameworks have not kept pace with their growing environmental and health risks. This report provides a comprehensive review of international and regional policy instruments addressing plastics in agrifood systems, identifying critical gaps, emerging trends, and opportunities for transformative action. The policy landscape is fragmented, lacking coherence, coordination, and incentives for national action plans. To close these gaps, the report provides a review of the relevant international regulatory framework for agri-plastics, by describing 50 international and regional policy document or policy document compilations that address, either directly or indirectly, plastics used in agriculture. Current policies overwhelmingly focus on fisheries, while plastics used in crop production, livestock, aquaculture, and forestry remain largely unregulated. Microplastics are rarely mentioned, and no international framework sets time-bound, measurable targets for sustainable management across the full life cycle of agricultural plastics. Monitoring and evaluation requirements are insufficient, and existing standards fail to address risks posed by microplastics and hazardous chemical additives. This analysis focuses on policies addressing plastics used in agriculture and plastic pollution associated with food and agricultural systems, including crop production, livestock production, forestry, fisheries, and aquaculture. This suite of policy documents can be collectively considered as the policy landscape for plastics used in agriculture.