Environmental performance of poultry supply chains
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Poultry is the most diffused domestic animal species in the world. The global poultry population in 2012 was estimated at just over 28 billion birds, over three times as many as in 1980, with chickens making up approximately 90 percent of the total. The poultry sector is structurally diverse. There are wide differences in the scale, goals and types of system that produce meat and eggs. These may range from smallholder backyard subsistence systems (in developing economies) to backyard systems tha t are small-scale but not subsistence-oriented (in developed countries). The production of poultry products, however, is associated with significant use of natural resources such as land, water and nutrients and contributes to the environmental issues such as GHG, loss of nutrients to water and air and biodiversity loss. These problems may contribute to environmental impacts such as climate change or eutrophication, which threaten ecosystems and human health. Conscious of these challenges, the LEAP Partnership established in 2013 a technical advisory group to develop comprehensive guidelines on the assessment of the environmental performance of poultry supply chains.