Carbon Pricing Watch 2015

Kossoy, Alexandre; Peszko, Grzegorz; Oppermann, Klaus; Prytz, Nicolai; Gilbert, Alyssa; Klein, Noemie; Lam, Long; Wong, Lindee

Carbon Pricing Watch 2015

Autores

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

Significant progress in carbon pricing has been made over the last ten years. In 2015, about 40 national and over 20 subnational jurisdictions, representing almost a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), are putting a price on carbon. Together, the carbon pricing instruments in these jurisdictions cover about half of their emissions, which translates into approximately 7 GtCO2e or about 12 percent of annual global GHG emissions. This figure represents a threefold increase over the past decade. The total value of the emissions trading schemes (ETSs) reported in the State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2014 report was about US$30 billion (US$32 billion to be precise). Despite the repeal of Australia’s Carbon Pricing Mechanism in July 2014, and mainly due to the launch of the Korean ETS and the expansion of GHG emissions coverage in the California and Quebec ETSs, the value of global ETSs as of April 1, 2015 increased slightly to about US$34 billion. In addition, carbon taxes around the world, valued for the first time in this report, are about US$14 billion. Combined, the value of the carbon pricing mechanism globally in 2015 is estimated to be just under US$50 billion.

Palabras clave

AUCTION, WASTE, ALLOWANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, TEMPERATURE, FERROUS METALS, FOSSIL FUELS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, INTERNATIONAL CREDIT, EMISSIONS QUOTAS, EXTREME HEAT, CARBON, BUILDING MATERIALS, EMISSION LEVEL, CARBON FUND, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, EMISSIONS, REVENUES, CARBON MARKETS, PORTFOLIO, AUCTION REVENUE, CARBON PRICING, EMISSION REDUCTION, GLOBAL GREENHOUSE, GAS, EMISSION REDUCTION UNITS, PRICE, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, GREENHOUSE GAS, CARBON LEAKAGE, EMISSION REDUCTION COMMITMENT, AUCTION REVENUES, POWER GENERATION, NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY, PRICE VOLATILITY, CAPACITY, GHG, BASELINE, CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY, GLOBAL WARMING, FREE ALLOCATION, CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, NET EMISSIONS, CARBON TAXES, MARKETS, CARBON ECONOMY, FINANCIAL FLOWS, EMISSIONS MITIGATION, EMISSION TRADING, GAS EMISSIONS, CHEMISTRY, PRECIPITATION, METALS, CARBON FINANCE, FUELS, UNEP, FINANCE, ALLOWANCE PRICE, CARBON EMISSIONS, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, EMISSION, GREENHOUSE, TROPICAL CYCLONE, LEAD, CLIMATE-CHANGE, CHEMICALS, POLICIES, CLIMATE CHANGE, IPCC, MEMBER STATES, DROUGHT, GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION, UTILITIES, VALUE, POLICY MAKERS, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT, CLIMATE, DEMAND, CLEAN POWER, COLORS, CARBON PRICE, FOSSIL FUEL, AVERAGE PRICE, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM, GLOBAL EMISSIONS, ENVIRONMENT, MARKET, ENERGY PORTFOLIO, OFFSET CREDITS, POLICY, ALLOWANCES, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, CARBON PRICES, INTERNATIONAL CREDITS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION TARGET, GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE, CERTIFICATE TRADING, ALLOCATION, SUPPLY, FUEL, CARBON MARKET, LOW-CARBON, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, INVESTMENTS, RISK MANAGEMENT, METHANE, OFFSETS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, CARBON TAX, EXTREME PRECIPITATION, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, PRICES, VERIFICATION PROCESS, ENERGY