Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment in Niger : Moving from Crisis Response to Long-Term Risk Management
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Washington, DC
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Niger, owing to its climatic,
institutional, livelihood, economic, and environmental
context, is one of the most vulnerable countries of the
world. Poverty is pervasive in Niger and it ranks low on
almost all the human development indicators. Agriculture is
the most important sector of Niger's economy and
accounts for over 40 percent of national gross domestic
product (GDP) and is the principle source of livelihood for
over 80 percent of the country's population. The
performance of the agricultural sector, however, due to its
high exposure to risks, is very volatile. Niger has
experienced multiple shocks, largely induced by agricultural
risks over the past 30 years, which impose high welfare cost
in terms of food availability, food affordability, and
malnutrition. It also adversely affects household incomes,
performance of the agricultural sector, the
government's fiscal balance, and the growth rate of
Niger's economy. Niger is a case of living perpetually
with risk, thus more emphasis on long-term structural
solutions, rather than short-term quick fixes, is required
to improve the resilience of the agricultural sector.
Designing and implementing a comprehensive agricultural risk
management strategy will require sustained and substantial
financial investments, shifting the focus from short-term
crisis response to long-term risk management, streamlining
disparate donor investments and isolated interventions
toward the core problem, supporting decentralized community,
and farm-level decision making, integrating agricultural
risk management into the existing development frameworks,
prioritizing agricultural risks into government and donor
strategies, and focusing on implementation.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL LAND RESOURCES, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SERVICES, AGRICULTURE, AGRO-PASTORAL AREAS, ANIMAL, ANIMAL FEED, ANIMAL HEALTH, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY SYSTEMS, ANIMAL SPECIES, ANIMALS, ANTHRAX, ARABLE LAND, AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL, BREEDING, BREEDING GROUNDS, CAMELS, CASH CROPS, CATTLE, CATTLE HERD, CEREAL CROPS, CEREAL PRODUCTION, CEREAL VARIETIES, CEREALS, CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY, CHRONIC POVERTY, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, CLIMATIC ZONE, CLIMATIC ZONES, COMMODITY, COMMON PROPERTY, COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES, COMMUNITY ACTION, CONFLICT, CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA, COOPERATIVES, COWPEA HAY, COWPEAS, CROP LOSSES, CROP PESTS, CROP PRODUCTION, CROP PRODUCTION CYCLE, CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, CROP VARIETIES, CROP YIELD, CROP YIELDS, CROPPING, CROPS, CULTIVATION, DATES, DISEASE OUTBREAKS, DISEASE RISK, DISEASES, DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION, DOMESTIC DEMAND, DONOR INVESTMENTS, DROUGHT, DROUGHT MITIGATION, DROUGHT RISK, DROUGHT TOLERANCE, DRY SEASON, EGGPLANT, EQUIPMENT, EXPANSION OF IRRIGATION, EXPORT CROPS, FALLOWING, FAMINE, FAO, FARM, FARM INCOME, FARM INCOMES, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, FARM SIZE, FARMER, FARMER GROUPS, FARMERS, FARMING HOUSEHOLDS, FARMS, FEED, FERTILITY MANAGEMENT, FERTILIZER, FERTILIZER USE, FODDER, FODDER AVAILABILITY, FODDER BANKS, FOOD AID, FOOD AVAILABILITY, FOOD CROP, FOOD CROP PRODUCTION, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD PRICE, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD RELIEF, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD SUPPLY, FORAGE, GOATS, GRAIN RESERVES, GRAZING, GRAZING LANDS, GROUNDNUT, GROUNDNUTS, GROUNDWATER, HERD COMPOSITION, HERD RECONSTITUTION, HERD SIZE, HERDERS, HERDING, HERDING GROUPS, HERDS, HIGH LIVESTOCK DENSITY, HIGH POPULATION DENSITY, HORTICULTURE, HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, INCOMES, INSURANCE, INTEGRATION, INTERCROPPING, IRRIGATION, LACK OF WATER, LAND AVAILABILITY, LAND RESOURCES, LAYERING, LIVELIHOOD SECURITY, LIVELIHOODS, LIVESTOCK, LIVESTOCK ASSETS, LIVESTOCK DISEASE, LIVESTOCK DISEASES, LIVESTOCK FARMING, LIVESTOCK FARMING SYSTEMS, LIVESTOCK FEED, LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT, LIVESTOCK MARKETS, LIVESTOCK OWNERS, LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP, LIVESTOCK POPULATION, LIVESTOCK PRICES, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, LIVESTOCK SECTOR, LIVESTOCK SECTORS, LIVESTOCK STATISTICS, LIVESTOCK SYSTEM, LIVESTOCK UNITS, MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS, MAIZE, MAJOR LIVESTOCK DISEASES, MALNUTRITION, MARKET FAILURES, MARKETING, MEAT, MILLET, NATIONAL HERD, NATURAL REGENERATION, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL VEGETATION, NUTRITION, ONIONS, PASTORAL AREAS, PASTORAL HOUSEHOLDS, PASTORAL ZONE, PASTORALISM, PASTORALISTS, PASTURES, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, PESTS, PLANTING, POOR, POOR POPULATIONS, POPULATION GROWTH, POULTRY, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRICE VOLATILITY, PRODUCE, PRODUCTION SYSTEM, PUBLIC SERVICES, REMOTE AREAS, RICE PRODUCTION, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK REDUCTION, RUMINANTS, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL LIVELIHOODS, RURAL MARKETS, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL SECTOR, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SAFETY NETS, SAVINGS, SEED, SEED MULTIPLICATION, SEED SYSTEM, SEED VARIETIES, SEEDS, SESAME, SHEEP, SINGLE CROP, SMALL RUMINANTS, SMALL-SCALE FARMERS, SMALLHOLDERS, SOIL FERTILITY, SOIL TYPE, SOILS, SORGHUM, SORGHUM GRAIN, SORGHUM PRODUCTION, TARGETING, TOBACCO, TRANSHUMANCE, TRANSIENT POOR, TROPICAL LIVESTOCK UNIT, UNEP, UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME, VACCINATION CAMPAIGNS, VACCINATION PROGRAMS, VACCINES, VEGETABLE CROPS, VETERINARY, VETERINARY SERVICES, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SHORTAGES, WEEDS