Supporting Expansion of Fruit Cultivation through Capacity Development and Access to Quality Planting Materials in Different Agro-Ecological Zones - TCP/BHU/3802
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Bhutan’s diverse mountain ecosystem, characterized by deep valleys and rough terrains across five agroecological zones (AEZ), offers a unique environment for cultivating a wide variety of horticultural crops. The emphasis on horticultural development dates back to the 1st Five Year Plan (1961-66), during which the DoA was established to promote fruit and vegetable cultivation through model farms, seed multiplication, agricultural research, and extension services. Subsequent plans saw a gradual expansion of horticulture across all Dzongkhags (districts), with significant promotion of fruit cultivation during the reign of the third King, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (1952-1972). However, progress was initially limited to domestic consumption due to inadequate transportation and market infrastructure. The Horticulture Master Plan of 1994 marked a significant step in systematically promoting diverse horticultural crops based on cultivation potential, transport, and market opportunities. Despite efforts and advancements, including the release of 108 improved fruit varieties from 1988 to 2020, challenges such as declining orchard areas, decreased fruit quality, and pest issues persist. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated employment issues, highlighting the need for broader economic diversification. The project aims to address these challenges by focusing on capacity building for youths, farmers, and institutions, improving access to quality planting materials, and demonstrating innovative approaches like smart irrigation systems and agroforestry models. The goal is to shift from family-owned supplemental income sources to a robust agribusiness model, fostering sustainable livelihoods for Bhutanese youths through horticultural enterprises.