Access to Finance for Smallholder Farmers
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The percentage of smallholders with
access to finance is equally difficult to quantify.
According to estimates, even promising approaches to
expanding smallholder lending, such as value chain finance,
are reaching fewer than 10 percent of smallholders,
primarily those in well-established value chains dedicated
to higher value cash crops. International Finance
Corporation (IFC) has been engaged for several years in
learning efforts through diverse partnerships to obtain
insights into the challenges of agricultural finance. The
evidence of microfinance institution (MFI) involvement in
financing commercial and semi-commercial smallholders
remains anecdotal and lacks specifics on what makes MFI
lending to these segments feasible, and what restricts their
reach and effectiveness. This IFC study aims to identify and
disseminate lessons emerging from the work of MFIs that have
implemented agricultural operations targeting agricultural
smallholders in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to
support replication and expansion of scalable approaches.
Through this research, IFC seeks to understand the
motivations of MFIs that venture into agricultural finance,
how the products they offer have been structured, and how
they were implemented, with a specific focus on agricultural
finance programs, and products that are designed for
smallholders in loose value chains and non-commercial
(subsistence) farmers.
Los productores agropecuarios en los países en desarrollo, especialmente en los países de ingreso bajo, se enfrentan a una serie de barreras, como la baja productividad, el acceso limitado a los mercados para sus productos, la falta de productos y servicios adecuados de gestión del riesgo y el acceso limitado a financiamiento. El objetivo del estudio de la Corporación Financiera Internacional (IFC) es identificar y divulgar las lecciones derivadas del trabajo de las instituciones microfinancieras (IMF) que han implementado operaciones para pequeños productores agropecuarios en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), con el fin de promover la replicación y la expansión de estrategias que se puedan ampliar. Se eligió a la región de ALC para este estudio por su historial de innovación y liderazgo en la industria microfinanciera, la madurez de esta industria en muchos países de la región y el número de ejemplos de IMF que se han expandido más allá de los mercados urbanos para atender a más clientes rurales, en comparación con otras regiones. Mediante esta investigación, el IFC pretende entender las motivaciones de las IMF que se aventuran en el financiamiento de actividades agropecuarias, y cómo han estructurado e implementado los productos que ofrecen, con especial atención a los programas y los productos de financiamiento de actividades agropecuarias diseñados para pequeños productores en cadenas de valor no estructuradas y productores no comerciales (de subsistencia).
Los productores agropecuarios en los países en desarrollo, especialmente en los países de ingreso bajo, se enfrentan a una serie de barreras, como la baja productividad, el acceso limitado a los mercados para sus productos, la falta de productos y servicios adecuados de gestión del riesgo y el acceso limitado a financiamiento. El objetivo del estudio de la Corporación Financiera Internacional (IFC) es identificar y divulgar las lecciones derivadas del trabajo de las instituciones microfinancieras (IMF) que han implementado operaciones para pequeños productores agropecuarios en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), con el fin de promover la replicación y la expansión de estrategias que se puedan ampliar. Se eligió a la región de ALC para este estudio por su historial de innovación y liderazgo en la industria microfinanciera, la madurez de esta industria en muchos países de la región y el número de ejemplos de IMF que se han expandido más allá de los mercados urbanos para atender a más clientes rurales, en comparación con otras regiones. Mediante esta investigación, el IFC pretende entender las motivaciones de las IMF que se aventuran en el financiamiento de actividades agropecuarias, y cómo han estructurado e implementado los productos que ofrecen, con especial atención a los programas y los productos de financiamiento de actividades agropecuarias diseñados para pequeños productores en cadenas de valor no estructuradas y productores no comerciales (de subsistencia).
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO FINANCE, ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES, ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT, ACCESS TO MARKETS, ACCESS TO TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ACCOUNTING, ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL CREDIT, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS, AGRICULTURAL FINANCE, AGRICULTURAL INCOME, AGRICULTURAL LOAN, AGRICULTURAL LOANS, AGRICULTURAL MARKET, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, ALTERNATIVE COLLATERAL, ATM NETWORKS, BANK ACCOUNT, BANK BRANCH, BANK BRANCHES, BANK LENDING, BANKING SYSTEM, BANKING SYSTEMS, BANKS, BONDED WAREHOUSES, BORROWER, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES, CASH FLOW, CASH FLOW ANALYSES, CASH FLOW ANALYSIS, CASH FLOWS, COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS, COMMERCIAL BANKS, COMMERCIAL CREDIT, COMMERCIAL FARMER, COMMERCIAL FARMERS, COMMERCIAL LENDING, COMMERCIAL LOAN, COMMERCIAL LOANS, CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, COOPERATIVES, CREDIT ANALYSIS, CREDIT APPLICATION, CREDIT ASSESSMENT, CREDIT BANKS, CREDIT BUREAUS, CREDIT OFFICER, CREDIT OFFICERS, CREDIT POLICIES, CREDIT PRODUCT, CREDIT PRODUCTS, CREDIT RATINGS, CREDIT RISK, CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT, CREDIT SCORING, CREDITS, CREDITWORTHINESS, CROP INSURANCE, CUSTOMER BASE, CUSTOMER SERVICE, DEBIT CARDS, DEBT, DEFAULT RATES, DELINQUENCY RATE, DELINQUENCY RATES, DEPOSIT, DEPOSITS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DIRECTED CREDIT, DISBURSEMENT, DIVERSIFICATION, DIVERSIFIED INCOME, DIVERSIFIED INCOMES, DONOR SUPPORT, DOUBLE BOTTOM LINE, DUE DILIGENCE, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, EMERGING MARKETS, ENABLING ENVIRONMENT, EQUIPMENT, FAMILIES, FINANCE COMPANIES, FINANCIAL EDUCATION, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL LITERACY, FINANCIAL NEEDS, FINANCIAL PRODUCT, FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, FINANCIAL SELF-SUFFICIENCY, FINANCIAL SERVICE, FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS, FIXED ASSET, FIXED ASSETS, FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, FORMS OF COLLATERAL, FUNGIBLE, GROUP LENDING, GROUP-LENDING, GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES, GUARANTEE REQUIREMENTS, GUARANTOR, HOUSEHOLDS, HUMAN RESOURCES, INDEBTEDNESS, INDIVIDUAL LOANS, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INSURANCE PRODUCTS, INTEREST PAYMENTS, INTEREST RATE, INTEREST RATES, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INVENTORIES, INVESTING, JOINT LIABILITY, JOINT-LIABILITY, JOINT-LIABILITY GROUPS, LACK OF AWARENESS, LEGAL TITLE, LENDER, LENDERS, LENDING PORTFOLIO, LENDING PORTFOLIOS, LIFE INSURANCE, LIMITED ACCESS, LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE, LOAN, LOAN AMOUNTS, LOAN APPLICATION, LOAN APPLICATIONS, LOAN CLASSIFICATION, LOAN OFFICER, LOAN OFFICERS, LOAN OFFICES, LOAN PAYMENTS, LOAN PORTFOLIO, LOAN PORTFOLIOS, LOAN PROCESSING, LOAN PRODUCT, LOAN PRODUCTS, LOAN REPAYMENT, LOAN REPAYMENTS, LOAN SIZE, LOAN SIZES, LOAN TERM, LOAN TERMS, LOCAL MARKETS, LONG-TERM FINANCE, LONG-TERM LENDING, MARKET CONDITIONS, MARKET ENVIRONMENT, MARKET RISKS, MARKET SEGMENTATION, MATURITY, MFI, MFIS, MICRO ENTREPRENEURS, MICROCREDIT, MICROFINANCE, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS, MOBILE PHONE, MOBILE PHONES, MOVABLE ASSETS, MOVABLE PROPERTY, NEW MARKET, NON-PERFORMING LOANS, NPL, OUTREACH, PARTIAL GUARANTEE, PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION, PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE, PORTFOLIO QUALITY, PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS, PROFIT MARGIN, PROFITABILITY, REPAYMENT, REPAYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, REPAYMENT CAPACITY, REPAYMENT HISTORY, REPAYMENT SCHEDULES, RESERVE, RETURN, RETURN ON ASSETS, RISK AVERSION, RISK FACTORS, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES, RISK MITIGATION, RISK PROFILES, RISK SHARING, RURAL BANK, RURAL BANKING, RURAL CLIENTS, RURAL MARKETS, SAVINGS, SECURITIES, SMALLHOLDER, SMALLHOLDER FARMERS, SMALLHOLDERS, SOLIDARITY GROUP LENDING, SOURCE OF INCOME, SOURCES OF INCOME, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TERM DEPOSITS, TRANSACTION, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSPORTATION SERVICE, URBAN AREAS, WAREHOUSE, WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS, WAREHOUSES, WORKING CAPITAL