World Bank Engagement at the State Level : The Cases of Brazil, India, Nigeria, and the Russian Federation
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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This report summarizes the past 10 years
(1998-2008) of World Bank engagement at the state level in
four selected large federal countries: Brazil, India,
Nigeria, and the Russian Federation. The report identifies
lessons and good practice examples that warrant further
examination and wider dissemination. First, the study
confirms the desirability of continued selective lending in
a few focus states. The Bank's engagement with
progressive, reformist states has added value and has been
highly appreciated, but to enhance the poverty impact of
state-level interventions, greater weight should be given to
the needs of the poorest states by balancing states'
propensity to reform and the concentration of poverty within
them. Experience shows that it has been possible to achieve
results in some of the poorer, low-capacity states through
persistent work with committed state counterparts and
partnerships with other donors. Second, continued focus on
public finance management appears sound, irrespective of
whether engagement is confined to this area or serves as an
entry point for broader engagement. Third, there is
considerable scope for greater impact from knowledge
transfer and expanded knowledge services.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTABILITY, ADB, ADOPTION, ADVISORY SERVICES, ADVISORY WORK, AGREEMENT, AGREEMENTS, ASSOCIATION, BANK, BANK LENDING, BANK LOANS, BANKS, BORROWER, BORROWING, CAPACITY BUILDING, CAPITAL, CITIES, COLLECTIONS, COOPERATION, CORPORATION, CORRUPTION, CREDIT, CREDITWORTHINESS, CRITERIA, DEBT, DEBT RELIEF, DEBTS, DECENTRALIZATION, DEFICITS, DELTA, DEMOCRACY, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, DEVOLUTION, DIRECTORS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMIC REFORMS, ECONOMIES IN TRANSITION, ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURE, EXPENDITURES, EXTERNAL SHOCKS, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS, FEE, FINANCE, FINANCE MANAGEMENT, FINANCES, FINANCIAL CAPACITY, FINANCIAL CRISES, FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT, FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORM, FINANCING, FISCAL DEFICIT, FISCAL DEFICITS, FISCAL FEDERALISM, FISCAL POLICY, FISCAL REFORM, FISCAL REFORMS, FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY, FOREIGN CURRENCY, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, GENDER, GENDER POLICY, GOVERNANCE, GOVERNANCE REFORM, GOVERNMENT, GOVERNMENTS, GRANT, GRANTS, GUARANTEE, GUARANTEES, INCOME, INCOME GROUP, INDEBTEDNESS, INEQUALITY, INFRASTRUCTURE, INITIATIVE, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INTEREST, INTERESTS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INVESTMENT, INVESTMENTS, LABOR, LAW, LEADERSHIP, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LENDING, LENDING PORTFOLIO, LIABILITIES, LICENSES, LIMITED, LIMITED ACCESS, LINES OF CREDIT, LOAN, LOANS, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOCAL LEVEL, MARKET ECONOMY, MEDIUM, MILITARY REGIME, MINISTERS, MUNICIPALITIES, NATURAL RESOURCES, NEW BUSINESSES, NUTRITION, ORGANIZATION, PARTICIPATION, PARTNERSHIP, PARTNERSHIPS, PEOPLE, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLICIES, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICS, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRINCIPAL, PRIVATIZATION, PROJECTS, PUBLIC, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW, PUBLIC FINANCE, PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS, REPORTS, REVENUE, REVENUES, SERVICE, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICES, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL FUNDS, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOVEREIGN GUARANTEE, SOVEREIGN GUARANTEES, SPONSORS, STATE, STATE BANK, STATE GOVERNMENT, STATE GOVERNMENTS, STATES, STOCK, STRATEGIES, STRATEGY, SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, SUBSIDIARY, TAX CAPACITY, TAXES, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, TRANSFERS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRUST, UNION, UNIONS, UNIVERSITY, VALUE, WATER SUPPLY, WOMEN