Urbanization and Poverty Reduction : The Role of Rural Diversification and Secondary Towns

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dc.creatorDe Weerdt, Joachim
dc.creatorChristiaensen, Luc
dc.creatorTodo, Yasuyuki
dc.date2013-09-04T15:35:22Z
dc.date2013-09-04T15:35:22Z
dc.date2013-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:49:04Z
dc.descriptionA rather unique panel tracking more than 3,300 individuals from households in rural Kagera, Tanzania during 1991/4-2010 shows that about one in two individuals/households who exited poverty did so by transitioning from agriculture into the rural nonfarm economy or secondary towns. Only one in seven exited poverty by migrating to a large city, although those moving to a city experienced on average faster consumption growth. Further analysis of a much larger cross-country panel of 51 developing countries cannot reject that rural diversification and secondary town development lead to more inclusive growth patterns than metropolitization. Indications are that this follows because more of the poor find their way to the rural nonfarm economy and secondary towns, than to distant cities. The development discourse would benefit from shifting beyond the rural-urban dichotomy and focusing instead more on how best to urbanize and develop the rural nonfarm economy and secondary towns.
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dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/04/17620730/urbanization-poverty-reduction-role-rural-diversification-secondary-towns
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/15562
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6422
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/411459
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 6422
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABSOLUTE TERMS
dc.subjectACCESS TO INFORMATION
dc.subjectACCESS TO SERVICES
dc.subjectAGGREGATE INCOME
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL GROWTH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL WAGES
dc.subjectANNUAL CHANGE
dc.subjectBASIC INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectBIG CITIES
dc.subjectBIG CITY
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCASH CROPS
dc.subjectCHANGES IN POVERTY
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCONFLICT
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION AGGREGATE
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION DATA
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION GROWTH
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
dc.subjectCOUNTRY SPECIFIC
dc.subjectCROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectCROSS-COUNTRY LEVEL
dc.subjectDECOMPOSABLE POVERTY
dc.subjectDEFINITIONS OF POVERTY
dc.subjectDEMAND FOR FOOD
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectDEPENDENCY RATIO
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING WORLD
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT REPORT
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC IMPACT
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectECONOMICS LITERATURE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL REGULARITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GENERATION
dc.subjectERROR TERM
dc.subjectERROR TERMS
dc.subjectESTIMATION TECHNIQUES
dc.subjectEXTENDED FAMILY
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectFARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARM HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFARMER
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFEWER PEOPLE
dc.subjectFIGHT AGAINST POVERTY
dc.subjectFIXED EFFECTS
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFOOD CROPS
dc.subjectFOOD EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectFOOD PROCESSING
dc.subjectFORCED MIGRATION
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectGLOBAL POVERTY
dc.subjectGROWTH PATTERN
dc.subjectGROWTH PROCESS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE OF POPULATION
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHEADCOUNT RATIO
dc.subjectHEALTH CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectHEALTH EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectHIV
dc.subjectHOSPITAL
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD BUDGET
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subjectINTERREGIONAL TRANSPORT
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectLACK OF CREDIT
dc.subjectLAND INEQUALITY
dc.subjectLARGE CITIES
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectNEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectNUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subjectPEACE
dc.subjectPER CAPITA GROWTH
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR PEOPLE
dc.subjectPOOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOORER HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPOPULATION DATA
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOPULATION PROJECTIONS
dc.subjectPOPULATION SHARE
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY CHANGES
dc.subjectPOVERTY DATA
dc.subjectPOVERTY DECLINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY DYNAMICS
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP
dc.subjectPOVERTY HEAD
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE CHANGE
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURE
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCING
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRO-POOR
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectREDUCING POVERTY
dc.subjectREFUGEES
dc.subjectREGIONAL GROWTH
dc.subjectREGIONAL SCIENCE
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectRISK SHARING
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DISPARITIES
dc.subjectRURAL DWELLERS
dc.subjectRURAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL MIGRANTS
dc.subjectRURAL POOR
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectRURAL TOWNS
dc.subjectRURAL UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectRURAL VILLAGES
dc.subjectRURAL WORKERS
dc.subjectSECTORAL COMPOSITION
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSMALL COUNTRIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSPATIAL ALLOCATION
dc.subjectSPATIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectSPILLOVER
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION
dc.subjectTOTAL POVERTY
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectURBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN CENTERS
dc.subjectURBAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectURBAN MIGRATION
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATION
dc.subjectURBAN POVERTY
dc.subjectURBAN SOCIAL NETWORKS
dc.subjectURBAN-RURAL DISPARITIES
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectWARS
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.titleUrbanization and Poverty Reduction : The Role of Rural Diversification and Secondary Towns

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