Producción de semilla de tomate 1.Comparación de métodos de extracción de semilla en dos variedades de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)
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Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario
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En el Centro Experimental Tibaitatá se llevó a cabo un ensayo para observar los efectos de diferentes métodos de extracción de semilla sobre algunas características de las semillas en dos variedades de tomate; Roma apta para procesamiento y Glamour, para consumo fresco. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron: Método con ácido clorhídrico, ácido sulfúrico, hidróxido de amonio e hidróxido de amonio más ácido clorhídrico y método por fermentación. Los mejores tratamientos fueron con ácido clorhídrico y con ácido sulfúrico, para las variedades Glamour y Roma con porcentajes de germinación superiores al 95%. Los menores porcentajes se obtuvieron para ambas variedades con el método de fermentación, aproximadamente 91%. Sin embargo, por ser métodos costosos y difíciles de manejar, solo se recomiendan para la extracción de pequeñas cantidades de semilla, dada su eficacia y rapidez. Para extracción de semilla comercial es más aconsejable el método por fermentación. No hubo efecto de los métodos de extracción sobre el tamaño de las plántulas provenientes de la semilla obtenida, aunque sí sobre la cantidad de pubescencia eliminada. Al comparar semilla tratada con Arasán y sin tratar, se observó efecto negativo sobre el crecimiento de la raíz en las plántulas a los 15 días de la siembra, de semilla tratada, pero no se observó influencia del
producto sobre el tamaño del tallo de la plántula, ni sobre el porcentaje de germinación.
At Tibaitatá Experiment Center an experiment was carried out to observe the effects of different methods of seed extraction on certain seed characteristics in two varieties of tomatoes: 'Roma' for industrial processing and 'Glamour' for fresh consumption. The treatments utilized were; hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid, and a method using natural fermentation. The best treatments were with hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid for both varieties with resultant viability more than 95%. The iowest viability for both varieties, approximately 91%, was with the fermentation method. Acid extraction methods, although rapid and efficient, are expensive and difficult to use and are only recommended for the extraction of small quantities fo seeds. For commercial seed extraction the fermentation method is most advisable. There was no effect of the different methods on subsequent seedling size although there was a difference in the amount of pubescence eliminated. On observing seeds treated with and without Arasan there was a negative effect on root growth in seedlings from treated seeds, 15 days after sowing. There was no observed effect on stem size or seed viability
Tomate
Solanum lycopersicum
At Tibaitatá Experiment Center an experiment was carried out to observe the effects of different methods of seed extraction on certain seed characteristics in two varieties of tomatoes: 'Roma' for industrial processing and 'Glamour' for fresh consumption. The treatments utilized were; hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid, and a method using natural fermentation. The best treatments were with hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid for both varieties with resultant viability more than 95%. The iowest viability for both varieties, approximately 91%, was with the fermentation method. Acid extraction methods, although rapid and efficient, are expensive and difficult to use and are only recommended for the extraction of small quantities fo seeds. For commercial seed extraction the fermentation method is most advisable. There was no effect of the different methods on subsequent seedling size although there was a difference in the amount of pubescence eliminated. On observing seeds treated with and without Arasan there was a negative effect on root growth in seedlings from treated seeds, 15 days after sowing. There was no observed effect on stem size or seed viability
Tomate
Solanum lycopersicum
Palabras clave
Producción y tratamiento de semillas - F03, Tomate, Extracción de semillas, Producción de semillas, Germinación, Fermentación, Hortalizas y plantas aromáticas