Managing the Livestock Revolution: Policy and Technology to Address the Negative Impacts of a Fast Growing Sector
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Fueled by fast-expanding demand, the production of meat and milk in the developing world has doubled in recent decades - a trend expected to continue. This paper studies how this expanding sector can provide income, employment, and high quality nutrition for vulnerable groups, as well as essential soil fertility inputs. However, as production grows, market forces, often supported by deliberate or unintended government policies, are causing, in particular in the pig and poultry sector, a spatial concentration of larger-size production units, mostly around urban areas, and an economic concentration of production, processing and retailing. This geographical and economic concentration of the livestock sector probably improves the affordability of meat and milk for the urban poor, and might create better-paid employment up- and downstream of the producer. Unfortunately, there are significant negative effects on the environment, animal and human health, and social equity. The threats are so significant that coordination among all stakeholders involved at the global and national levels is needed.