Low-Carbon Development : Opportunities for Nigeria
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN)
has formulated an ambitious strategy, known as Vision 20:
2020, which aims to make Nigeria the world s 20th largest
economy by 2020. This book argues that there are many ways
that Nigeria can achieve the Vision 20: 2020 development
objectives for 2020 and beyond, but with up to 32 percent
lower carbon emissions. A lower carbon path offers not only
the global benefits of reducing contributions to climate
change, but also net economic benefits to Nigeria, estimated
at about 2 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). The FGN
and the World Bank agreed, as part of the Country
Partnership Strategy (CPS) 2010-13, to conduct an analysis
of the implications of climate change for Nigeria's
development agenda. The current volume focuses on low-carbon
development. Building on the work under way on
Nigeria's nationally appropriate mitigation actions,
the authors evaluate opportunities to pursue national
development priorities using technologies and interventions
that reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), referred
to here as low-carbon options. The document is structured as
follows: chapter one is introduction; chapter two provides
essential background on the country and the economic
sectors. Chapter three describes the analytical approach,
providing a summary of how the scenarios were developed,
methods of analysis, models, and the data and general
assumptions used. Chapters four-seven present the analysis
and results for each sector: agriculture and land use, oil
and gas, power, and transport, respectively. Each chapter
provides an introduction to the sector and the approach,
findings, and recommendations for options and actions for
low-carbon development. Chapter eight summarizes the key
findings across sectors. It describes the main scenarios
that were modeled across all sectors and their implications
for GHG emissions and the economy. It provides general
recommendations on how Nigeria can reconcile national growth
objectives with low-carbon development using a cross-sector perspective.
Palabras clave
ABATEMENT POTENTIAL, AFFORESTATION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AIR, AIR CONDITIONERS, AIR QUALITY, ALTERNATIVE FUELS, ANNUAL EMISSIONS, ATMOSPHERE, BIOMASS, BUS, BUS SERVICES, CAPITAL COST, CAPITAL COSTS, CAR, CAR OWNERSHIP, CARBON ABATEMENT, CARBON BALANCE, CARBON CAPTURE, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON EMISSION, CARBON EMISSIONS, CARBON FINANCE, CARBON FOOTPRINT, CARBON INTENSITY, CARBON MARKET, CARBON MARKETS, CARBON POLICIES, CARBON PRICE, CARBON TECHNOLOGIES, CARBON TRANSPORT, CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT, CH4, CITY TRANSPORT, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM, CLEAN TECHNOLOGY, CLIMATE, CLIMATE ANALYSIS INDICATORS, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CLIMATE RESILIENCE, CLIMATE VARIABILITY, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, CO, CO2, COAL, COLORS, CONDITIONERS, CONGESTION, COST SAVINGS, DECISION MAKING, DEFORESTATION, DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT, DEMAND FOR TRANSPORT SERVICES, DIESEL, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC BENEFITS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC SECTORS, ECONOMICS, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, ELECTRICITY DEMAND, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, ELECTRICITY SECTOR, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, EMISSION, EMISSION REDUCTION, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE, EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE CHANGE, EMISSIONS LEVELS, EMISSIONS REDUCTION, EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY MIX, ENERGY PRODUCTION, ENERGY SAVINGS, ENERGY SECURITY, ENERGY SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, EQUILIBRIUM, EXPENDITURES, FARMS, FEASIBILITY, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FLEET MANAGEMENT, FOOD POLICY RESEARCH, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FOSSIL FUEL, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FREIGHT, FREIGHT HANDLING, FREIGHT MANAGEMENT, FREIGHT TRANSPORT, FUEL CONSUMPTION, FUEL COSTS, FUEL EFFICIENCY, FUEL OIL, FUEL SAVINGS, FUEL TYPE, FUELS, FUGITIVE EMISSIONS, GAS, GAS FLARING, GAS PRICES, GAS PRODUCTION, GAS SECTOR, GAS SUPPLY, GAS TURBINE, GAS TURBINES, GENERATION CAPACITY, GENERATION MIX, GHG, GHGS, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, GLOBAL WARMING, GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, GREENHOUSE GASES, GREENHOUSE WARMING, GWP, HFCS, HIGH CAR OWNERSHIP, HISTORICAL EMISSION, HISTORICAL EMISSIONS, IMPACT OF TRANSPORT, IMPORTS, INSOLATION, INSPECTION, INTEGRATED TRANSPORT PLANNING, IPCC, IRRADIATION, JOBS, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND USE, LAND USE CHANGE, LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS, LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS, LNG, LOW-CARBON, LOWER CARBON EMISSIONS, MARGINAL ABATEMENT, MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST, MARGINAL ABATEMENT COSTS, MARGINAL COST, MASS TRANSIT, MEANS OF TRANSPORT, MILEAGE, MINES, MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT, MODAL SHIFT, MONETARY BENEFITS, N2O, NATIONAL INCOME, NATURAL GAS, NATURAL RESOURCES, O&M, OIL PRODUCTION, PASSENGER TRANSPORT, PASTURES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PFCS, PHOTOVOLTAICS, PHYSICS, POLICY RELEVANCE, PORTFOLIO, POWER GENERATION, POWER PLANTS, POWER SECTOR, POWER TECHNOLOGIES, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS, PRESENT VALUE, PRIVATE CAR OWNERSHIP, PROVEN RESERVES, PSC, PSCS, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, PURCHASING POWER, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS, RAIL, RAIL SERVICES, RAINFALL, RAPID TRANSIT, RATES OF DEFORESTATION, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, RESETTLEMENT, ROAD, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROAD TRANSPORT, ROAD VEHICLES, SCENARIOS, SF6, SMALL HYDROPOWER, SOLAR POWER, SOLAR RADIATION, STORMS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, TAX, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TOTAL EMISSIONS, TRADEOFFS, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC CONGESTION, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT DEMAND, TRANSPORT OF GOODS, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORT SERVICES, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORTATION IMPACT, TRAVEL TIME, UNCERTAINTIES, URBAN BUSES, URBAN TRANSPORT, VEHICLE, VEHICLE EFFICIENCY, VEHICLE FLEET, VEHICLE KILOMETERS, VEHICLE OWNERSHIP, VEHICLE POPULATION, VEHICLES, WETLANDS, WIND