Acute toxicities of ammonia and nitrite to Clarias batrachus and their interaction to chlorides
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The study on acute toxicity of ammonia and nitrite to Pla Duk Dan (Clarias batrachus Linnaeus) was conducted using the flow-through bioassay method. The test fish of fingerlings size were exposed to five successive concentrations of ammonia and nitrite for 48 hours. The results obtained from this experiment using Probit analysis indicated that the LC50 values of those two toxicants were 15.78 mg/L of total ammonia (or 3.42 mg/L as un-ionized ammonia) and 35.60 mg/L of nitrite respectively. Int eractions between calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium chloride (NaCl) on ammonia and nitrite toxicity were also done in this study. The results generally showed that both ammonia and nitrite toxicity to Clarias were lessened when those two chloride compounds were presented in the test solution. The 48 hour LC50 values were increased to 44.34 mg/L of total ammonia and 119.02 mg/L of nitrite in test solution containing calcium chloride and 20.89 mg/L of total ammonia and 151.77 mg/L nitrite in tes t solution containing sodium chloride respectively