Dynamics of Rural Growth in Bangladesh
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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The rural economy in Bangladesh has been
a powerful source of economic growth and has substantially
reduced poverty, especially since 2000, but the remarkable
transformation and unprecedented dynamism in rural
Bangladesh are an underexplored, underappreciated, and
largely untold story. The analysis identifies the key
changes occurring in the rural economy, the principal
drivers of rural incomes, the implications for policy, and
related actions to foster future growth, further reduce
poverty, and improve food security and nutrition. A
substantial strength of this study is its empirical
foundation, consisting of three sets of detailed data on
rural households. Two of the datasets are unique in tracking
the same set of households for more than two decades. These
data make it possible to examine how change is occurring
within and among rural households; they shed considerable
light on trends that tend to be obscured at more aggregate
levels of analysis. Nationally representative surveys and
aggregate secondary data provide complementary and
contextually rich insights into the household data.
Palabras clave
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, FARM GROWTH, POVERTY LINE, FOOD COMMODITIES, ECONOMIC GROWTH, PRICE STABILIZATION, POLITICS, CROP SELECTION, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY RATES, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, COUNTERFACTUAL, FEMALE PARTICIPATION, POST-REFORM, RURAL LIVELIHOODS, RURAL INCOMES, FARM INCOME, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, FARM AREA, RURAL POOR, POVERTY MEASURES, SMALL FARMS, RURAL UNEMPLOYMENT, AGRICULTURAL WAGE, CROP YIELD, CROP PRODUCTION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, IRRIGATION EXPANSION, RURAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, POOR HOUSEHOLD, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, LAND LEASING, RURAL CONSUMER, INCOME GROWTH, LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS, INCOME -GENERATING ACTIVITIES, EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS, TRANSFERS, RURAL FARM, FARM ACTIVITY, POOR HEALTH, POVERTY STATUS, ESTIMATES OF POVERTY, LAND DEGRADATION, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL ASSETS, FOOD EXPENDITURES, LAND OWNERSHIP, CALORIE INTAKE, FARMERS, LAND DISTRIBUTION, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, FOOD ITEMS, FARM PRODUCTS, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, CROP YIELDS, HUMAN CAPITAL, DROUGHT, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, POOR POLICY, RURAL GROWTH, FARM- GATE, POVERTY MAPPING, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, RURAL POVERTY, COLD STORAGE, MALNUTRITION, RURAL, RURAL WORKERS, RURAL EMPLOYMENT, RURAL MARKETS, HUMAN CAPITAL ENDOWMENTS, SOCIAL POLICIES, RURAL WORKFORCE, FARM INCOMES, RURAL RESIDENTS, AGRARIAN REFORM, LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE, IRRIGATION, ACCESS TO SERVICES, FOOD SAFETY, FOOD SUPPLY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE, COMMUNITY GROUPS, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, INCOME QUINTILE, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PROCESSING, FARM-GATE, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR PERSON, SANITATION, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, RISKS, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, LANDHOLDINGS, RURAL ENTREPRENEURS, INCOME POVERTY, FOOD CONSUMPTION, INCOME, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, FOOD QUALITY, FOOD POLICY, CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, POOR PEOPLE, RURAL LABOR, CROP VARIETIES, RURAL POPULATION, MEASURES, SAFETY NETS, POVERTY REDUCTION, RURAL FOOD SECURITY, LACK OF CREDIT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, SAVINGS, FOOD BASKET, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, CASH CROPS, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOME, FOOD PRICE, FOOD PREPARATION, FARM EMPLOYMENT, AGRARIAN REFORMS, FARM SIZE, CROP DIVERSIFICATION, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL WAGES, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, FARM WORKERS, CATTLE NUMBERS, ECONOMIC POLICIES, WELFARE INDICATORS, RURAL ROADS, FARM SECTOR, FOOD PRODUCTS, SHARECROPPING, BETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS, POOR INFRASTRUCTURE, POVERTY PROFILE, FOOD PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, UNEMPLOYMENT, POVERTY LINES, FOOD SECURITY, RURAL VULNERABILITY, CLIMATE CHANGE, SHARE TENANCY, FARM INCOME GROWTH, FARM PRODUCTION, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, RURAL AREA, CHRONICALLY POOR, FARM ACTIVITIES, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, SOCIAL IMPACTS, RURAL SETTINGS, FOOD EXPENDITURE, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, RURAL ECONOMY, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, AGRICULTURAL LAND, FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS, RURAL TOWNS, FARM WORK, NUTRITION, LAND SIZE, ACCESS TO MARKETS, FOOD TRANSFERS, EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE, FOOD GRAINS, FOOD INSECURITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, RURAL INVESTMENT, AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, INCOME DYNAMICS, LAND PRODUCTIVITY, FOOD CROP, EXTREME POVERTY, EXPANSION OF IRRIGATION, FARM SELF-EMPLOYMENT, POVERTY, RURAL AREAS, AGRICULTURAL INCOMES, POOR FARMERS, RURAL ENTERPRISES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, RURAL TRANSFORMATION, POVERTY DYNAMICS, INCOME GAINS, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, POOR, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, LACK OF INFORMATION, FARM EFFICIENCY, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, REMOTE AREAS, INDICATORS OF POVERTY, LAND MANAGEMENT, CROP INCOME, EXTREME VULNERABILITY, INEQUALITY