The Unbalanced Uruguay Round Outcome : The New Areas in Future WTO Negotiations
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
World Bank, Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
The Uruguay Round involved a grand
North-South bargain: The North reduced import barriers,
particularly in textiles and agriculture. The South adopted
new domestic regulations in such areas as services and
intellectual property-changes that would lead to increased
purchases from the North. In mercantilist economics, apples
for apples-imports for imports. In real economics, apples
for oranges. The authors argue that while the North's
reduction of import barriers benefits both the North and the
South, the new domestic regulations adopted by countries of
the South could prove costly to those countries. To begin
with, the regulations will be expensive to implement. And
while the cost side of their impact is secured by a legal
obligation (in the case of intellectual property rights, for
example, the cost is higher prices for patented goods), the
benefits side is not so secured.
Palabras clave
AGREEMENT ON TRADE, AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION, AGRICULTURE, ANTIDUMPING, ANTIDUMPING CASES, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, BASE YEAR, BENEFIT ANALYSIS, BILATERAL INVESTMENT, BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES, BILATERAL TREATIES, COMPETITION LAW, COMPETITION POLICY, COMPLEMENTARY POLICIES, CONCESSIONS, CONSUMERS, COUNTRY PRODUCERS, CURRENCY, CURRENCY BOARD, CUSTOMS, CUSTOMS DUTIES, CUSTOMS VALUATION, DEREGULATION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES, DOMESTIC ECONOMY, DOMESTIC REFORM, DOMESTIC REFORMS, DOMESTIC REGULATIONS, DOMESTIC SUPPORT, ECONOMIC COSTS, ECONOMICS, EMPLOYMENT, EXPLOITATION, EXPORT GROWTH, EXPORT PERFORMANCE, EXPORT SUBSIDIES, EXPORTERS, EXPORTS, FOREIGN CAPITAL, FOREIGN COMPANIES, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FOREIGN POLICY, FOREIGN PRODUCERS, FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES, GDP, GROWTH PATH, IMPORT BARRIERS, IMPORT RESTRICTIONS, IMPORT TARIFFS, IMPORTING COUNTRY, IMPORTS, IMPORTS OF TEXTILES, INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES, INDUSTRIAL COUNTRY, INDUSTRIAL GOODS, INSURANCE, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY REGIME, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION, INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTMENT DISPUTES, INVESTMENT INFLOWS, INVESTMENT TREATIES, LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE, MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET LIBERALIZATION, MARKET SHARE, MERCANTILISM, MERCHANDISE EXPORTS, MERCHANDISE TRADE, MONOPOLIES, MULTILATERAL TRADE, MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, NEGOTIATING POSITION, OPENNESS, PATENT PROTECTION, PATENTS, POLICY CHANGES, POLICY INSTRUMENTS, POSITIVE EFFECTS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATIZATION PROGRAM, PRODUCERS, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC INTEREST, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUANTITATIVE IMPORT RESTRICTIONS, QUOTA RENTS, QUOTAS, RECIPROCAL TRADE AGREEMENTS, REDUCING TARIFFS, REFORM PROGRAM, ROUND AGREEMENT, ROUND AGREEMENTS, ROUND NEGOTIATIONS, SAFEGUARD MEASURES, SERVICE SECTORS, SERVICES SECTORS, STRUCTURAL EFFECT, STRUCTURAL REFORMS, TARIFF CONCESSIONS, TARIFF CUTS, TARIFF EQUIVALENCE, TARIFF EQUIVALENT, TARIFF EQUIVALENTS, TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS, TARIFF RATES, TARIFF REDUCTION, TARIFF REDUCTIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRADABLE GOODS, TRADE AGREEMENTS, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE DEFICIT, TRADE DIMENSION, TRADE EFFECT, TRADE LAW, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, TRADE POLICY, TRADE REMEDIES, TRADING PARTNERS, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, TRANSITION PERIOD, TRIPS AGREEMENT, URUGUAY ROUND, VALUATION, VALUE ADDED, WTO, WTO AGREEMENTS, WTO COMMITMENTS, WTO SECRETARIAT URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS, IMPORT LIBERALIZATION, TRADE BARRIERS, DOMESTIC REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, SERVICES, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, MARKET ACCESS, TEXTILE INDUSTRY, CLOTHING INDUSTRY, MERCANTILE SYSTEM, CONCESSIONS, PHARMACEUTICALS, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE, WTO SECRETARIAT, URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS