A Perceived Divide

World Bank

A Perceived Divide

Autores

World Bank

Editor

World Bank, Jakarta

Descripción

Inequality in Indonesia is rising and a recent survey suggests that Indonesians are growing increasingly concerned. The Gini coefficient in Indonesia has increased sharply over the past 15 years, increasing from 30 in 2000 to 41 in 2013. In a 2014 survey on public perceptions of inequality, most Indonesians consider income distribution in Indonesia to be very unequal or not equal at all. In addition, half of all respondents feel that Indonesia has become more unequal or much more unequal over the past five years. The true extent of high inequality, however, is worse than most people realize. Respondents believe that the ideal income distribution is one where the top 20 percent of the population earn as much as the bottom 40 percent. Not with standing this ideal, respondents estimate that the actual income distribution has the top 20 percent earning as much as the bottom 60 percent. However, the 2014 National Socio-economic Survey (Susenas 2014) suggests that the richest 20 percent actually earn as much as the rest of the population combined. Furthermore, because household surveys typically do not capture the incomes of the richest Indonesians, the real level of inequality in Indonesia is probably even higher.

Palabras clave

EMPOWERMENT, BENEFIT, POVERTY LINE, ECONOMIC GROWTH, HOUSE, COMMUNITY GROUP, INCOME DISPARITY, POLITICS, INCOME, POVERTY RATES, INCOME QUINTILES, REGIONAL LEVEL, PROGRAMS, HEALTH INSURANCE, INCOME SOURCES, INEQUALITIES, ECONOMIC POLICY, DISPARITY IN INCOME, POOR PEOPLE, INEQUALITY REDUCTION, SUBSIDY, CORRUPTION, CONSUMPTION GROWTH, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, MEASURES, HOME, POVERTY REDUCTION, REDUCING INEQUALITY, LABOR MARKET, PUBLIC POLICY, SAVINGS, REAL LEVEL, POOR HOUSEHOLD, PUBLIC SUPPORT, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME INEQUALITY, DOMICILE, SOCIAL INSURANCE, TRANSFERS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, POLICY ISSUES, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, INCOME LEVELS, SOCIAL SECURITY, PRODUCT, FARMERS, SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS, HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS, INCOME DIFFERENCES, CASH TRANSFERS, SUBSIDIES, MINIMUM WAGES, EXTERNAL FACTORS, UNEMPLOYMENT, POVERTY LINES, CONSUMPTION, WAGES, POLICIES, FINANCIAL CRISIS, HIGHER INEQUALITY, FAMILY, WAGE INEQUALITY, GENDER, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOMES, JOB CREATION, RURAL, MIDDLE CLASS, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, SURVEYS, EMPIRICAL RESEARCH, INSURANCE, JUSTICE, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, HIGH INEQUALITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, CHILDREN, EVALUATION, EQUAL DISTRIBUTION, EQUALITY, POVERTY, RURAL AREAS, COMMUNITY GROUPS, GINI COEFFICIENT, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, LAW, HOUSEHOLD NEEDS, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS, HIGH GROWTH, POVERTY RATE, RISING INEQUALITY, POOR, WOMEN, FOOD PRICES, SOCIAL ISSUES, FEMALE, BENEFITS, INCOME GROUPS, INEQUALITY, POOR HOUSEHOLDS