Technology for whom? Solar irrigation pumps, women, and smallholders in Nepal

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dc.creatorShrestha, Gitta
dc.creatorUprety, Labisha
dc.creatorKhadka, Manohara
dc.creatorMukherji, Aditi
dc.date2023-10-03
dc.date2023-10-16T06:35:11Z
dc.date2023-10-16T06:35:11Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T18:24:57Z
dc.descriptionAgricultural technologies are often promoted as a medium for women’s economic empowerment, which can transform unequal gender relations in rural agrarian societies. This paper investigates three solar irrigation pump (SIP) schemes implemented by state and non-state actors and examines their impacts on women and marginal farmers. We utilize a theory of change framework intended to evaluate the effectiveness of livelihood interventions and guide the design of gender transformative interventions. Our analysis relies on 63 qualitative interviews, 9 key informant interviews and 4 telephonic interviews with social mobilisers from the Saptari District in Nepal. The findings shed light on the unequal social and gender relations that have skewed the adoption and benefits of SIP technology. Gender and social inequalities persist, with limited adoption and benefit of SIP among women and smallholders. Women’s involvement in strategic decisions related to SIP adoptions, installations and usages is limited. This study underscores the importance of strategic interventions that foster meaningful women’s empowerment and ensure equitable distribution and benefits from SIP technology. Assessing the effectiveness of SIPs in empowering women, it is crucial to consider whether the resulting access, ownership, or decision-making opportunities challenge, reinforce, or reproduce unequal gender and social relations.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/132263
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/155128
dc.languageen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceShrestha, G., Uprety, L., Khadka, M., & Mukherji, A. (2023). Technology for whom? Solar irrigation pumps, women, and smallholders in Nepal. In Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems (Vol. 7). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1143546
dc.subjectgender relations
dc.subjectsolar powered irrigation systems
dc.subjectpumps
dc.subjectwomen's empowerment
dc.subjectsmallholders
dc.subjectwomen farmers
dc.subjectirrigation technology
dc.subjectirrigation schemes
dc.subjectsubsidies
dc.subjectlivelihoods
dc.subjectsocial inclusion
dc.subjectdecision making
dc.subjecthouseholds
dc.subjectincome
dc.titleTechnology for whom? Solar irrigation pumps, women, and smallholders in Nepal
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional para el Manejo del Agua (IWMI)