From Training to Earning: The 7-Year Impact of Dual Apprenticeships on Youth Employment

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dc.creatorCrépon, Bruno
dc.creatorLestant, Eva
dc.creatorPremand, Patrick
dc.date2026-02-12T18:53:48Z
dc.date2026-02-12T18:53:48Z
dc.date2026-02-11
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:31:10Z
dc.descriptionThis paper studies the long-term impacts of dual apprenticeships on youth employment in a high-informality labor market. A Randomized Controlled Trial in Côte d'Ivoire with four follow-up surveys collected over seven years shows that dual apprenticeships have sustained impacts: youth earnings increase by 14 to 20 percent two to five years after program completion. Gains are observed across the earnings distribution, and the share of youth in working poverty — with earnings below the minimum wage — decreases by 11 percent. Importantly, results highlight a distinct pathway whereby training raises earnings through self-employment, with no impact on access to wage employment. Youth perform more complex, non-routine tasks, consistent with improved technical skills and productivity. In a setting where formal wage jobs are rare, these findings show that dual apprenticeships constitute an effective and inclusive skilling model that raises earnings in self-employment and reduces working poverty.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/f235db95-4240-469b-b001-adcbb965e120
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/44335
dc.identifier10.1596/1813-9450-11312
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/405129
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; 11312
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWORKING POVERTY
dc.subjectAPPRENTICESHIP
dc.subjectTRAINING
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectFIELD EXPERIMENT
dc.subjectAFRICA
dc.titleFrom Training to Earning: The 7-Year Impact of Dual Apprenticeships on Youth Employment
dc.typeWorking Paper

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