Sri Lankan Population Change and Demographic Bonus Challenges and Opportunities in the New Millennium

World Bank

Sri Lankan Population Change and Demographic Bonus Challenges and Opportunities in the New Millennium

Autores

World Bank

Editor

Washington, DC

Descripción

This paper examines the population changes and the related causative factors, namely fertility, mortality and international migration in Sri Lanka. During the past decades, the total size, as well as the age and sex structure of the population, was exposed to irreversible changes. The age structure transition has produced a demographic bonus conducive for an economic takeoff. During this period, the proportion of people of working age (15-59) is larger than the fraction in the dependent age categories. The paper includes a sector analysis of the employed population in the agriculture, industry and service sectors to identify the growth sectors of the economy and to reveal the potential patterns and levels of utilization of the demographic bonus. Finally, the social safety net implications of the emerging population, such as the dependency burden, aging, disability and the disintegration of traditional family system in Sri Lanka are examined. Sri Lanka's population has grown to 20 million in 2010, an almost eight-fold increase since the census of 1871. The population doubled 54 years after the first census (1925), then again in 35 years (1960), as a result of the relatively high population growth rate. The 2001 census calculated a population 18.7 million. By 2003, the population was estimated to be 19.2 million, a third doubling in 43 years. By 2010, the population of Sri Lanka had passed the 20 million mark.

Palabras clave

ABORTION COMPLICATIONS, ABORTION RATE, ABORTION SERVICES, ABORTIONS, ACCIDENTS, ADOLESCENT, ADOLESCENT FERTILITY, ADULTS, AGE AT MARRIAGE, AGE DISTRIBUTION, AGE SPECIFIC FERTILITY RATES, AGED, AGEING, AGING POPULATION, AVERAGE AGE, AVERAGE AGE AT MARRIAGE, BIRTH RATE, BRAIN DRAIN, CARE SERVICES, CENSUS OF POPULATION, CHANGES IN FERTILITY, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILDBEARING, CHILDREN PER WOMAN, CIVIL UNREST, CONDOM, CONTRACEPTION, CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD, CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS, CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE, CONTRACEPTIVE USE, CONTRACEPTIVES, CRUDE DEATH RATE, CURRENT POPULATION, DEATH RATE, DEATH RATES, DEATHS, DECLINE IN FERTILITY, DECLINES IN MORTALITY, DEMOGRAPHERS, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS, DEMOGRAPHY, DEPENDENCY BURDEN, DEPENDENCY RATIO, DEPENDENCY RATIOS, DETERMINANTS OF GROWTH, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DISABILITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PROSPERITY, ECONOMIC STATUS, ECONOMIC TRANSITION, EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE, ELDERLY, ELDERLY POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EXISTING POPULATION, FAMILIES, FAMILY CONSUMPTION, FAMILY ENVIRONMENT, FAMILY FORMATION, FAMILY PLANNING, FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM, FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES, FAMILY UNIT, FEMALE COUNTERPARTS, FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY, FEMALE STERILIZATION, FEMALES, FERTILITY, FERTILITY BEHAVIOR, FERTILITY CONTROL, FERTILITY DECLINE, FERTILITY LEVELS, FERTILITY RATE, FERTILITY RATES, FERTILITY SURVEY, FERTILITY TRANSITION, FOOD SUPPLIES, FORM OF CONTRACEPTION, FUTURE POPULATION, GENDER BALANCE, HEADS OF HOUSEHOLDS, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SYSTEM, HIGH POPULATION GROWTH, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMMIGRATION, IMPACT ON FERTILITY, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INTERNAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENTS, IUD, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MIGRANTS, LABOR SUPPLY, LEGAL STATUS, LEVEL OF FERTILITY, LEVEL OF MORTALITY, LEVELS OF FERTILITY, LEVELS OF MORTALITY, LIFE CYCLE, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, LIFE TABLES, LIVE BIRTH, LIVE BIRTHS, MALARIA, MALE AGE AT MARRIAGE, MALES, MARITAL FERTILITY, MARITAL STATUS, MARRIED WOMEN, METHODS OF FAMILY PLANNING, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MIGRATION FLOW, MIGRATION POLICY, MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MODERN CONTRACEPTION, MORTALITY, MORTALITY DECLINE, MORTALITY RATE, MOTHER, NATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING, NATURAL RESOURCE, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, NUMBER OF PERSONS, NUMBER OF WOMEN, OFFICIAL STATISTICS, OLD AGE, OLDER AGE GROUPS, OLDER WOMEN, PARENTS, PEACE, PENSIONS, PERMANENT SETTLEMENT, POLICY FORMULATION, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL LEADERSHIP, POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE, POPULATION CENSUS, POPULATION CENSUSES, POPULATION CHANGE, POPULATION CHANGES, POPULATION DATA, POPULATION DENSITY, POPULATION ESTIMATES, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POPULATION INCREASES, POPULATION ISSUE, POPULATION ISSUES, POPULATION PLANNING, POPULATION POLICIES, POPULATION POLICY, POPULATION PROBLEMS, POPULATION PROJECTIONS, POPULATION PYRAMID, POPULATION SIZE, POPULATION TRANSITION, POST ABORTION, POST-WAR YEARS, PREGNANCY, PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT, RATE OF GROWTH, REFUGEE, REFUGEES, RELIANCE ON ABORTION, REPLACEMENT LEVEL, REPRODUCTIVE AGE, REPRODUCTIVE YEARS, RETURNEE, RURAL WOMEN, SAFETY NET, SERVICE DELIVERY, SEX, SEX RATIO, SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES, SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRESS, STAGES OF LIFE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, TEENAGE FERTILITY, TFR, TOTAL FERTILITY RATE, TOTAL POPULATION, TRADITIONAL FAMILY, UNMET DEMAND, URBAN ENVIRONMENTS, URBAN POPULATION, URBANIZATION, USE OF CONTRACEPTION, WAR, WOMAN, WORKFORCE, WORLD FERTILITY SURVEY, YOUNG AGE, YOUNG MEN, YOUNG POPULATION, YOUTH, ZERO POPULATION GROWTH