Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation

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dc.creatorMichalopoulos, Constantine
dc.creatorHoekman, Bernard
dc.creatorSchiff, Maurice
dc.creatorTarr, David
dc.date2014-08-19T16:20:31Z
dc.date2014-08-19T16:20:31Z
dc.date2001-12
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:29:38Z
dc.descriptionIn this paper, developed as part of the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Sourcebook, the authors examine how to implement trade liberalization as part of a strategy for alleviating poverty in developing countries. They discuss trade policy instruments, institutions, complementary policies, sector issues, adjustment policies, and safety nets in an integrated approach to trade policy as a tool for poverty alleviation. The authors examine the patterns or models of trade policy that have been successful in alleviating poverty. They discuss the role of tariffs, nontariff barriers, contingent protection (such as safeguards and antidumping), special import regimes (such as duty drawback), export taxes, export subsidies, and trade-related institutions (such as standards, marketing, export finance, customs clearance, and regional trade arrangements). The authors also discuss policies that complement successful trade reform, including macroeconomic stability, a competitive exchange rate, flexible labor markets, competitive product markets, and policies that do not discriminate against foreigners in investment. They suggest approaches to policies and institutions in services and agriculture, key sectors in poverty reduction. They explain the roles of retraining and safety nets in dealing with the adjustment costs of trade liberalization. Finally, the authors elaborate guidelines for implementing trade reform and explain tools for assessing whether trade reform will help or harm the poor in particular sectors in the short run.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/12/1660257/trade-policy-reform-poverty-alleviation
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/19414
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-2733
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418589
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 2733
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectADJUSTMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANTI- EXPORT BIAS
dc.subjectANTI-EXPORT BIAS
dc.subjectANTIDUMPING
dc.subjectANTIDUMPING DUTY
dc.subjectANTIDUMPING PROCEDURES
dc.subjectAVERAGE INCOME
dc.subjectAVERAGE LEVEL
dc.subjectBENCHMARKING
dc.subjectBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectCARTEL
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE EXCHANGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectCONSUMER PROTECTION
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY DATA
dc.subjectCROSS COUNTRY
dc.subjectCUSTOMS
dc.subjectCUSTOMS CLEARANCE
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
dc.subjectDOMESTIC INDUSTRY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCERS
dc.subjectDUTY DRAWBACK SCHEMES
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL STUDIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE BIAS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXPORT BIAS
dc.subjectEXPORT INCENTIVES
dc.subjectEXPORT INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKET
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICE
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICES
dc.subjectEXPORT PROCESSING
dc.subjectEXPORT PROCESSING ZONE
dc.subjectEXPORT PROCESSING ZONES
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXPORT TAXES
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFACTORS OF PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFINAL GOODS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN FIRMS
dc.subjectFREE ACCESS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFUELS
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectGROSS EXPORTS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectIMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectIMPORT COMPETITION
dc.subjectIMPORT CONTROLS
dc.subjectIMPORT SUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFFS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME REDISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINEFFICIENCY
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTERMEDIATE INPUTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
dc.subjectLONG RUN
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMIES
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMARKET POWER
dc.subjectMONOPOLIES
dc.subjectNEGATIVE EFFECT
dc.subjectNEGATIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectNON-TARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectNON-TRADITIONAL EXPORTS
dc.subjectOPENNESS
dc.subjectOUTPUT GROWTH
dc.subjectOVERVALUED EXCHANGE
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLICY CHANGES
dc.subjectPOLICY INSTRUMENT
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL STABILITY
dc.subjectPOOR POLICIES
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
dc.subjectPRICE DISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectPRICE OF IMPORTS
dc.subjectPRIVATE PROPERTY
dc.subjectPRO-POOR
dc.subjectPRODUCT MARKETS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectRAPID GROWTH
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES
dc.subjectREDUCED POVERTY
dc.subjectREDUCING POVERTY
dc.subjectREFORM PROGRAMS
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectRELATIVE PRICES
dc.subjectRENT SEEKING
dc.subjectRESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL POOR
dc.subjectSAFEGUARD ACTIONS
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT EFFECT
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF STRUCTURES
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTRADE
dc.subjectTRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE FINANCE
dc.subjectTRADE INTEGRATION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY REFORM
dc.subjectTRADE PROTECTION
dc.subjectTRADE REFORM
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectTRADE REGIME
dc.subjectTRADE REGIMES
dc.subjectTRADE REMEDIES
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNIFORM TARIFFS
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWORLD MARKETS
dc.subjectWORLD PRICES
dc.subjectWTO
dc.subjectZERO TARIFFS
dc.titleTrade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation

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