Sudan : Overview of the Urban Landscape
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Washington, DC
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This study responds to the need for
information and analysis on the urban sector in Sudan, to
inform the Bank's policy dialogue with the Government
of Sudan (GoS) on urban and local government issues, and to
inform the design of future Bank assistance. The first phase
of this analytical exercise, which is the focus of this
report, develops an overview of the urban landscape. The
report is structured as follows: section two describes the
evolution of the spatial system in Sudan and highlights key
urbanization patterns and trends; section three provides an
overview of the legal, institutional and financial
composition of Sudan's urban areas; and section 80
outlines the key policy issues and recommendations. The
report also draws on in-depth case studies of Nyala and
Khartoum, which are included as annexes to the report.
Palabras clave
AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, ARCHITECTURE, ARMED CONFLICT, BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES, CAPACITY BUILDING, CENSUSES, CITIZENS, CITY POPULATION, CIVIL WAR, COLONIZATION, COMMUNITIES, CONFLICT SETTINGS, DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS, DEVELOPMENT PLANS, DIVORCE, DRINKING WATER, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, ELECTRICITY CONNECTIONS, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION, EQUALITY, FAMILY MEMBERS, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATES, FOOD SUPPLIES, FORMERLY RURAL AREAS, GOVERNMENT CAPACITY, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HABITAT, HEALTH EDUCATION, HEALTH SERVICES, HOMES, HOUSING, HOUSING CENSUS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN SETTLEMENTS, IMMIGRATION, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INFORMAL ENTERPRISES, INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INHABITANTS, INHERITANCE, INSECURE TENURE, INTERNAL MIGRANTS, INTERNATIONAL TREATIES, LACK OF SECURITY, LAND MARKETS, LAND POLICIES, LAND REGISTRATION, LAND RIGHTS, LAND TENURE, LAND USE, LAND USE REGULATIONS, LARGE CITIES, LARGE URBAN AREAS, LEGAL TITLE, LEGISLATIVE BODIES, LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, LITERACY RATES, LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES, LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOCALITIES, LOSS OF LAND, LOW INCOME, MAJOR CITIES, MANDATES, METROPOLITAN AREA, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MOTHER, MUNICIPAL BUDGETS, MUNICIPAL FINANCE, NATIONAL BORDERS, NATIONAL CONSTITUTION, NATIONAL COUNCIL, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, NATIONAL EXPENDITURES, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL LEVELS, NATIONAL POPULATION, NATIONALS, NATURAL POPULATION, NATURAL RESOURCES, NEW SETTLEMENTS, NEW TOWNS, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, OPPORTUNITIES IN URBAN AREAS, PEACE, PENSIONS, PERIPHERAL AREAS, PESTICIDES, PHYSICAL PLANNING, PLACES OF ORIGIN, POLICY DIALOGUE, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, POPULATION DENSITY, POPULATION DIVISION, POPULATION EXPERTS, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POPULATION GROWTH RATES, POPULATION INCREASE, POPULATION INCREASES, POPULATION PROJECTIONS, POPULATION SIZE, POPULATION STATISTICS, POTABLE WATER, POVERTY RATES, PRIMATE CITY, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC AFFAIRS, PUBLIC AMENITIES, PUBLIC FACILITIES, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, PULL FACTORS, PUSH FACTORS, RAPID POPULATION GROWTH, RAPID URBANIZATION, RATES OF GROWTH, RATES OF URBANIZATION, RECREATION, REFUGEE, RESETTLEMENT, RESPECT, RESTRICTION OF IMMIGRATION, RETURNEES, RURAL AREAS, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POPULATIONS, RURAL PRODUCTIVITY, RURAL RESIDENTS, SANITATION, SANITATION PROGRAM, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SECONDARY CITIES, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE PROVISION, SKILLS DEVELOPMENT, SLUMS, SMALL CITIES, SOCIAL AFFAIRS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL STRUCTURES, SOCIAL WELFARE, SOLID WASTE COLLECTION, SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL, SOLID WASTE SERVICES, SQUATTER, SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS, SQUATTERS, STATE GOVERNMENTS, STATE LAND, SUBDIVISIONS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TENURE SECURITY, TENURE STATUS, TOWNSHIPS, TRADITIONAL LIVELIHOOD, TRANSPORTATION, URBAN, URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN AUTHORITIES, URBAN CENTRE, URBAN DESIGN, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN DWELLERS, URBAN ECONOMIES, URBAN ECONOMY, URBAN ENVIRONMENTS, URBAN GROWTH, URBAN HEALTH, URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE, URBAN ISSUES, URBAN LAND, URBAN MANAGEMENT, URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS, URBAN PLANNING, URBAN PLANS, URBAN POLICIES, URBAN POLICY, URBAN POOR, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POPULATION GROWTH, URBAN POPULATIONS, URBAN POVERTY, URBAN RESIDENTS, URBAN SECTOR, URBAN SETTLEMENT, URBAN SETTLEMENTS, URBAN TRANSPORT, URBANIZATION, URBANIZING, VILLAGES, VULNERABILITY, WAR, WATER SERVICES, WATER SUPPLY, WORLD POPULATION, WORLD URBANIZATION