Niger - Accelerating Growth and Achieving the Millennium Development Goals : Diagnosis and the Policy Agenda
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Washington, DC
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This report has the following
objectives: (i) identify the underlying constraints to
strong and sustained growth, in particular, the dynamic
circles that lock Niger in a low-growth/high poverty
equilibrium; (ii) understand the key determinants of growth
and poverty traps and the role increased foreign aid could
play to promote growth and help achieve the
MillenniumDevelopment Goals (MDGs); and (iii) help
the Government of Niger design a strategy to accelerating
growth and human development: Strategy Paper for Human
Development (SPAHD). This report is organized as follows:
Chapter 1 describes the main features of Niger's
economy from a Social Accounting Matrix perspective. It aims
to analyze the potential linkages between sectors and the
impact a policy shock of an increased public investment
could have on Niger's economy. Chapter 2 reviews
Niger's growth performance over the past three decades.
It draws some policy lessons critical to the design of a
growth strategy for Niger. Chapter 3 provides a snapshot of
where Niger stands in achieving the MDGs with less than a
decade remaining. It examines the reasons why Niger is
falling short of the goals, describes the recent progress,
and highlights the challenges ahead. Chapter 4 analyzes the
constraints to strong and sustained growth with particular
focus on poverty traps. Chapter 5 discusses the macro and
micro foundations for strong growth and achieving the MDGs.
It examines the post stabilization macroeconomic policy
required to enhance the macroeconomic foundations of growth.
It also identifies the engines of growth and highlights the
cross-cutting issues for improving the business environment.
In addition, the chapter discusses the role the private
sector can play in Niger's quest to achieve the MDGs.
Chapter 6 analyzes the potential impact that increased
foreign aid would have on growth, poverty, and other MDGs
using Niger's macroeconomic model. It focuses mainly on
the links between foreign aid, the level and composition of
public investment - which is disaggregated into education,
infrastructure, and health -- the supply-side effects of
public capital, growth, poverty, and other MDGs.
Furthermore, it discusses the impact of three policy
experiments on growth and the MDGs, including an increase in
foreign aid (namely grants), debt relief, and a combined
increase in foreign aid and tax reforms. Finally, it
highlights the importance of improving governance to
maximize the impact of domestic reforms and increased
foreign aid on growth and the MDGs. Chapter 7 concludes the
report and draws up policy recommendations, highlighting the
policy priorities needed to accelerate growth and achieve
the MDGs.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ACCOUNTABILITY, AGGREGATE DEMAND, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION, BANKING SECTOR, BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE, BASIC SOCIAL SERVICES, BENEFIT ANALYSIS, BUSINESS CYCLES, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, CAPITAL FORMATION, CHILD DELIVERY, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD MORTALITY RATE, CHILDBEARING, CITIZENS, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, CORRUPTION, DEBT, DEFORESTATION, DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH, DEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURE, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DIMINISHING RETURNS, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, ECONOMISTS, EMPOWERING WOMEN, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, EQUILIBRIUM, ESSENTIAL DRUGS, ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURES, EXPLOITATION, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATE, FERTILITY RATES, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FOOD SECURITY, FOREIGN AID, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, GENDER BIAS, GENDER DISPARITIES, GENDER PARITY, GOVERNANCE INDICATORS, GOVERNANCE ISSUES, GOVERNANCE REFORM, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO, GROWTH PATH, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE, HEALTH POLICIES, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, HIV, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, ILLITERACY, ILLNESS, IMPORTS, IMPROVING GOVERNANCE, IMPROVING HEALTH CARE, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME LEVELS, INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFLATION, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INSTITUTIONAL WEAKNESSES, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, ISSUE OF GENDER, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LAND TENURE, LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIMITED RESOURCES, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW INCOME COUNTRIES, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, LOWER FERTILITY, MACROECONOMICS, MALARIA, MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, MARRIAGE AGE, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE, MEAT, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MINISTRY OF POPULATION, MODERNIZATION, MORTALITY, MOTHER, NATIONAL POLICIES, NATIONAL POPULATION, NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY, NATIONAL STRATEGY, NATURAL DISASTERS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCES, NUTRITION, OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, ORPHANS, PANDEMIC, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY RESPONSE, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, POLITICAL TURMOIL, POLLUTION, POPULATION DENSITY, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POPULATION GROWTH RATES, POTENTIAL INVESTORS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, PRESENT VALUE, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF FAMILY PLANNING, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC GOOD, PUBLIC GOODS, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITY OF CARE, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUALITY STANDARDS, QUOTAS, RAPID POPULATION GROWTH, RATE OF POPULATION GROWTH, REFRIGERATION, REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, RESPECT, RIGHTS OF WOMEN, RULE OF LAW, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL WOMEN, SAFE DRINKING WATER, SAFE WATER, SANITATION, SANITATION FACILITIES, SAVINGS, SCARCE RESOURCES, SCHOOL LEVELS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SERVICE DELIVERY, SLUM DWELLERS, SOCIAL ACTION, SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOIL DEGRADATION, SPECIFIC INCENTIVES, STATE UNIVERSITY, STRATEGIC PRIORITIES, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, SURVIVAL RATE, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, TAX REFORM, TAX REFORMS, TAX REVENUE, TAXATION, TERMS OF TRADE, TRANSPORTATION, TREATY, TUBERCULOSIS, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION, URBAN AREAS, URBAN CENTERS, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, USER FEES, VULNERABILITY, WAGES, WORK BURDENS, WORK FORCE, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION