Seafood certification and developing countries: Focus on Asia
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Third party certification of fish and seafood products (ecolabels) have expanded rapidly since the first
seafood ecolabel appeared on the market in the late 1990s. Developing country producers and exporters
have raised concerns about ecolabel requirements acting as technical barriers to trade for access to
international markets, while consumers in their own domestic markets have not shown much appetite
for certified seafood. This research provides a review of recent literature on seafood ecolabels, focusing
on Asian markets where uptake by consumers and retailers has not been as prolific as in European and
North American markets. Analysis of selected third party certification schemes identifies key
requirements that may act as barriers for small-scale producers in developing countries to obtain
certification. Case studies provide examples to support the theoretical analysis. Recommendations based
on the findings can guide developing country governments in supporting their fisheries and aquaculture
sector to achieve certification and thus improve access to markets.