Towards Environmentally Sustainable Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Washington, DC
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Environmental degradation primarily
affects the poor, both in rural and urban areas. Reversing
the downward spiral of this degradation is essential to any
strategy for reducing poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. This
study outlines the World Bank's strategy for improving
its assistance to SSA countries as they move toward
environmentally sustainable development (ESD). It assesses
the environmental situation and long-term trends in Africa,
draws lessons from Bank experience, and proposes new
directions. The study focuses on three questions: what are
the key environmental issues and challenges in Sub-Saharan
Africa? How has the World Bank responded to those
challenges, and what are the lessons learned? And what
should the World Bank do to help African countries make
their development sustainable?
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION, BIODIVERSITY, CAPACITY BUILDING, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, COASTAL ZONES, CONSERVATION, CULTURAL VALUES, DEFORESTATION, DEGRADATION OF RESOURCES, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DRYLANDS, EARTH SUMMIT, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECOSYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS, ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES, ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS, ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS, ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE, ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES, ENVIRONMENTAL PRIORITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK, ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY, ENVIRONMENTAL WORK, ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, FERTILITY, FISHERIES, FOOD SECURITY, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, FORESTRY, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, INCOME, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSTITUTIONAL · · · · · · DEVELOPMENT, LAND DEGRADATION, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY, MACROECONOMICS, MIGRATION, NATURAL CAPITAL, NATURAL ENVIRONMENT, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES, PARTICIPATORY PROCESS, PER CAPITA INCOME, PLAN OF ACTION, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC INFORMATION, RATE OF POPULATION GROWTH, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RURAL AREAS, SAFE WATER, SANITATION, SEGMENTS OF SOCIETY, STABLE POPULATION, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE USE, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POPULATION, URBANIZATION, WASTE, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WATER MANAGEMENT