Integrated Coastal Zone Management Strategy for Ghana
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Environmental degradation of coastal
areas was identified as a key issue in Ghana's
Environmental Action Plan. The central objective of the
World Bank-assisted Integrated Coastal Zone Management
(ICZM) initiative in Ghana, which commenced in 1995, was to
identify economically, socially and environmentally
appropriate interventions and projects in the coastal zone
that improve the prospects for human development. ICZM is
recognized by governments, international agencies and by the
donor community as a process through which coastal
eco-systems and resources can be protected, developed and
managed in a sustainable manner. In order for implementation
to be successful, effective ICZM must be based on a clear
understanding of the complexities of the relation between
coastal natural resources, and the coastal population that
subsists on these resources. More concretely, this
understanding must relate to how specific economic,
political, social and technical parameters link, in a
reciprocal way, specific coastal ecosystems and specific
human activities.
Palabras clave
AQUACULTURE, BIODIVERSITY, COAST, COASTAL AREAS, COASTAL DEGRADATION, COASTAL ECOSYSTEM, COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS, COASTAL RESOURCE, COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, COASTAL RESOURCES, COASTAL ZONE, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS, CONSTRUCTION, DELTA, DEVELOPMENT PLANS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY, ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, EROSION, FISH, FISHERIES, FISHING, FOREST, FOREST DEGRADATION, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM, HUMAN ACTIVITIES, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN HEALTH, LAND AREA, LAND PRODUCTIVITY, LAND-USE, LAND-USE PLANNING, LANDING, MANGROVE, MANGROVES, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE DEGRADATION, NATURAL RESOURCES, OVERPOPULATION, PARTICIPATORY PROCESS, PLANTING, POLLUTION, POPULATION DENSITY, PRIVATIZATION, RESOURCE USE, SANITATION, SOCIAL CONDITIONS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN CENTERS, VEGETATIVE COVER, WATER POLLUTION, WATERSHED, WETLAND, WETLANDS