Rural space and rural development in Romania
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The rural space of Romania is characterised in terms of administrative
breakdown, area and population, with reference to the NUTS classifications. This
is followed by a demographic analysis of the gender and age structures, as well as
migration flows. The rural-urban flows are considered, as is the employment
structure in rural areas. Then, the farming sector is analysed, both with respect to
its productive and factor characteristics, and the farm population features, over
the period of systemic transformation. It is noted that farming intensity has gone
down altogether on almost all accounts, while privatisation of farming has been
overwhelming. At the same time, during the transformation, there have been disadvantageous
phenomena within the farm population (decrease of average acreage).
Against this background, the institutional infrastructure of the Romanian
agriculture and rural economy is considered, including various ownership and
association forms. It is proposed that an adequate restructuring of Romanian
agriculture would require a developed and pronounced agricultural policy, as
well as significant outlays.