Social Potection for the Harder Road Ahead
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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During a decade of rapid growth, more
jobs and higher wages dramatically reduced poverty and drove
down historically high levels of inequality. Governments in
the region complemented the gains from growth with
investments in social protection policies, further reducing
poverty and inequality. Countries in Latin America and the
Caribbean are rightfully proud of these achievements. As the
region prepares for a long period of slower growth and
tighter budgets, the value of their investment in building
social protection systems will grow. Social protection can
help protect social gains as labor earnings and employment
fall. The evidence accumulated from the region’s experience
of which social protection interventions work and which do
not, will be an essential resource to guide difficult policy
decisions. Countries will move ahead with the long run
development of their diverse social protection systems as
they are able. But in the shorter run three areas of policy
action will rise in priority: (i) protecting poor and
vulnerable people through the lean years; (ii) finding
fiscal savings in reforms to large and regressive items of
social policy; and (iii) fielding labor market initiatives
to support workers during a long, slack period and prepare
them for economic recovery.
Palabras clave
EMPLOYMENT, INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS, RISKS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, POVERTY LINE, IMPACT ON POVERTY, SOCIAL FUNDS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, RETIREMENT, POVERTY LEVELS, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME, INTEREST, POVERTY RATES, SAVINGS ACCOUNTS, STRATEGIES, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, SERVICES, TAX COLLECTION, HEALTH INSURANCE, HOUSING, FOOD POLICY, FISCAL POLICY, EXTREME POVERTY LINE, ENERGY SUBSIDIES, INEQUALITY REDUCTION, MEANS TESTS, INCOME SUPPORT, EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, CENTRAL BANKS, LABOR MARKET POLICIES, INFLATION, MEASURES, SAFETY NETS, FISCAL CONSTRAINTS, POVERTY REDUCTION, PUBLIC POLICY, SAVINGS, FOOD FOR EDUCATION, LEGAL PROVISIONS, TRANSPORT, POOR FAMILIES, INCOME GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY, POOR CHILDREN, TRANSFERS, CRITERIA, MARKETS, DEFICITS, LEGISLATION, CHRONIC POVERTY, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT POLICIES, SOCIAL SECURITY, LABOR, ENTERPRISES, PRICE SUBSIDIES, CASH TRANSFERS, SUBSIDIES, FINANCE, INFRASTRUCTURE, TAXES, BANKS, UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, EQUITY, POVERTY LINES, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, HUMAN CAPITAL, SSN, LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, WAGES, CLIMATE CHANGE, CHRONIC MALNUTRITION, POVERTY INDEX, SOCIAL SERVICES, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, VALUE, PENSIONS, BANK, CREDIT, FOOD PROGRAMS, MACROECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS, RURAL POVERTY RATES, RURAL POVERTY, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, MALNUTRITION, RURAL, AFFILIATES, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, NUTRITION, PUBLIC WORKS, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, TARGETING MECHANISMS, SOCIAL POLICIES, SCHOOL FEEDING, INFLATION RATES, INSURANCE, TARGETING, HUMAN RIGHTS, FOOD SUBSIDIES, CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING, AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EXTREME POVERTY, RISK, RURAL AREAS, POVERTY, POVERTY REDUCTION EFFORTS, FEEDING PROGRAMS, LANDLESS AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, INFLATION LEVELS, REVENUE, SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS, RISK MANAGEMENT, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS, POOR, POVERTY IMPACT, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, PUBLIC SPENDING, LABOR MARKETS, GOVERNMENTS, PAYMENT SYSTEMS, CIVIL SERVICE, HEALTH SERVICES, CONSOLIDATION, INEQUALITY, POOR HOUSEHOLDS