Government Spending and Poverty Reduction in Vietnam
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of various types of
government spending on growth and poverty reduction, using provincial level data over
the last decade. Government spending reduces poverty through many channels such as
agricultural growth and improved nonfarm employment. We will try to capture all these
different effects in the analysis if the data allow. This paper opens with a review of
Vietnam’s economic reforms and growth over the past decade. We then sketch Vietnam’s
poverty profile, highlighting changes over time, regional distribution, and differences
among population groups. In the next two chapters, we will review the trend and
composition of government spending, agricultural R&D and infrastructure endowments
in Vietnam over the last decade. Chapter 5 presents the analytical framework used to
estimate the effect of various types of government spending on growth and poverty
reduction. The data, model estimation, and results are presented in chapter 6. We
conclude the paper by offering future priorities for government investments in chapter 7.
Palabras clave
LIVING STANDARDS, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, EXPORT MARKETS, POVERTY LINE, IMPACT ON POVERTY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, FARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, REMOTE REGIONS, REGIONAL INVESTMENT, ILLITERACY, FOOD CONSUMPTION, CROPLAND, INCOME, SCHOOLING, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, POVERTY RATES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, TOTAL POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, FOOD POLICY, POORER REGIONS, POOR PEOPLE, BENEFIT STREAM, FARM INCOME, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER, CROP VARIETIES, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POOR, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, MEASURES, ACCESS TO EDUCATION, REGION, POVERTY REDUCTION, REGIONAL POVERTY, RURAL ACTIVITIES, SAVINGS, ARABLE LAND, CROP PRODUCTION, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, REGIONAL DIFFERENCE, MOUNTAINOUS AREAS, FARM EMPLOYMENT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, TRANSFERS, AGRICULTURAL LABOUR, INFLATION RATE, ECONOMIC POLICIES, FARMERS, ETHNIC MINORITY, RURAL WAGES, FARM SECTOR, POVERTY IMPACT OF GROWTH, CASH TRANSFERS, POVERTY PROFILE, FOOD PRODUCTION, ENROLMENT RATES, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, ACCESS TO SCHOOLS, CONSUMPTION, HUMAN CAPITAL, REGIONAL VARIATIONS, FOOD POVERTY, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, ETHNIC MINORITY PEOPLE, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, RURAL GROWTH, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, PRODUCTION GROWTH, RURAL POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, FOOD EXPENDITURE, RURAL ECONOMY, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, REGIONAL ALLOCATION, AGRICULTURAL LAND, RURAL, IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT, RURAL EMPLOYMENT, PRODUCTION FUNCTION, LACK OF INCENTIVES, REGIONAL IMPACT, TARGETING, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, REGIONAL FOOD, CALORIES PER PERSON, REGIONS, WAR, IRRIGATION, COMMERCIAL BANKS, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL AREAS, POVERTY, DIVERSE REGIONS, REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION, RURAL PUBLIC, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, DECLINE IN POVERTY, RURAL ROAD, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, POOR REGIONS, POOR, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, ASSET SALES, LACK OF INFORMATION, POVERTY IMPACT, CALORIES PER PERSON PER DAY, PUBLIC SPENDING, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, POORER PROVINCES, REMOTE AREAS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, REGIONAL POVERTY INCIDENCE, INEQUALITY