Poverty and Inequality Maps for Rural Vietnam : An Application of Small Area Estimation
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Descripción
The objective of the paper is to update
the small area estimates of poverty and inequality for rural
Vietnam. The new estimates of province and district level
poverty for the year 2006, when combined with estimates
available for 1999, allow for examination of how poverty has
changed in rural Vietnam over the past seven years. The
analysis finds that all provinces across the country
experienced a noticeable reduction in rural poverty during
the period 1999-2006. Some of the largest reductions in
poverty are observed for provinces with poverty rates close
to the national average. The poorest provinces have also
experienced reductions in poverty, albeit at a more modest
pace. Provinces and districts with lower levels of
inequality in 2006 have seen above average poverty
reductions. The authors consider both expenditure and income
based measures of poverty and inequality, and find the
results to be very similar.
Palabras clave
AGGREGATE POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AVERAGE INEQUALITY, AVERAGE LEVEL, CASH TRANSFERS, CLEAN WATER, CONSUMPTION BASKET, COVARIANCE MATRIX, DATA SETS, DECOMPOSABLE POVERTY, DECOMPOSABLE POVERTY MEASURES, DELTA REGIONS, DEPENDENT VARIABLE, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DEVELOPMENT REPORT, DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATION LEVEL, EMPIRICAL RESULTS, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, ERROR TERM, ESTIMATES OF POVERTY, ESTIMATION METHOD, ESTIMATION RESULTS, ETHNIC MINORITY, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, FARMING TOOLS, FOOD EXPENDITURES, FOOD SECURITY, GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS, GINI COEFFICIENT, GINI INDEX, HEALTH CARE, HIGH POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL DATA, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSING, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME DATA, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME SUPPORT, INDICATORS OF POVERTY, INEQUALITY, INEQUALITY MEASURES, INEQUALITY REDUCTION, IRRIGATION, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW POVERTY RATES, MODEL SPECIFICATIONS, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY RATE, PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE, PER CAPITA INCOME, POINT ESTIMATE, POINT ESTIMATES, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY RESEARCH, POOR, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR REGIONS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY CHANGE, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY GAP INDEX, POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDEXES, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY LEVEL, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY MAP, POVERTY MAPPING, POVERTY MAPPING EXERCISE, POVERTY MAPS, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS, POVERTY SEVERITY, PROVINCIAL POVERTY INCIDENCE, REDUCING POVERTY, REGIONAL LEVEL, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DISTRICTS, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INEQUALITY, RURAL LIVELIHOODS, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL POVERTY INCIDENCE, RURAL POVERTY RATE, RURAL POVERTY RATES, RURAL REGIONS, SAFETY NET, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SPATIAL CORRELATION, SPATIAL PATTERN, SPATIAL PATTERNS, STANDARD DEVIATION, TARGETING, URBAN AREAS, VILLAGE COMMITTEE, WAR