Evolution of land tenure institutions and development of agroforestry: evidence from customary land areas of Sumatra
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It is widely believed that land tenure insecurity under a customary tenure system leads to a socially inefficient resource
allocation. This article demonstrates that the practice of granting secure individual ownership to tree planters spurs earlier tree
planting, which is inefficient from the private point of view but could be efficient from the viewpoint of the global environment.
Regression analysis, based on primary data collected in Sumatra, indicates that an expected increase in tenure security in fact
led to early tree planting. It is also found that customary land tenure institutions have been evolving towards greater tenure
security responding to increasing scarcity of land. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.