Wage Effects of High-Skilled Migration : International Evidence
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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The international migration of
high-skilled workers may trigger productivity effects at the
macro level such that the wage rate of skilled workers
increases in host countries and decrease in source
countries. The authors exploit data on international
bilateral migration flows and provide evidence consistent
with this theoretical hypothesis. They propose various
instrumentation strategies to identify the causal effect of
skilled migration on log differences of GDP per capita,
total factor productivity, and the wages of skilled workers
between pairs of source and destination countries. These
strategies aim to address the endogeneity problem that
arises when international wage differences affect migration decisions.
Palabras clave
ASYLUM, AVERAGE SKILL LEVEL, BRAIN DRAIN, BRAIN GAIN, BRAIN-DRAIN, CAPACITY BUILDING, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, COLLEGE GRADUATE, COLLEGE GRADUATES, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, COUNTRY PAIR, COUNTRY PAIRS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DIASPORA, DOMESTIC WORKERS, EARNING, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATED MIGRANTS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EFFECTS OF MIGRATION, EMIGRATION, EMIGRATION DATA, EMIGRATION OF SKILLED LABOR, EMIGRATION RATE, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, EXPATRIATES, EXTERNALITIES, FOREIGNERS, HOST COUNTRIES, HOST COUNTRY, HUMAN CAPITAL, IMMIGRANT, IMMIGRANTS, IMMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION QUOTAS, IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION, IMPACT OF MIGRATION, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INNOVATION, INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY, JOBS, LABOR DEMAND, LABOR DEMAND CURVE, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOUR, LABOUR MARKET, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MARKET EQUILIBRIUM, MASS MEDIA, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MIGRATION COSTS, MIGRATION DECISIONS, MIGRATION FLOWS, MIGRATION PATTERNS, MIGRATION RATES, MIGRATIONS, NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS, NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS, NUMBER OF MIGRANTS, OCCUPATION, PERFECT COMPETITION, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT, POPULATION SIZE, PRESENTED EVIDENCE, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRODUCTIVITY EFFECT, PRODUCTIVITY EFFECTS, PROGRESS, REMITTANCES, RESPECT, SCHOOL ENROLMENT, SECONDARY SCHOOLING, SKILL COMPOSITION, SKILL GROUP, SKILL LEVEL, SKILL TYPE, SKILLED EMIGRANTS, SKILLED LABOR, SKILLED MIGRANTS, SKILLED MIGRATION, SKILLED OCCUPATIONS, SKILLED WORKERS, SOCIAL OPENNESS, SPILLOVER, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, UNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION, UNSKILLED LABOR, UNSKILLED WORKERS, URBAN POPULATION, URBANIZATION, WAGE DATA, WAGE DISTRIBUTION, WAGE EFFECTS, WAGE INCOME, WAGE LEVEL, WAGE RATE, WAGES