The elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus) genome provides insights into anthocyanidin accumulation and fast growth

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dc.creatorYan, Qi
dc.creatorWu, Fan
dc.creatorXu, Pan
dc.creatorSun, Zongyi
dc.creatorJie Li
dc.creatorGao, Lijuan
dc.creatorLu, Liyan
dc.creatorChen, Dongdong
dc.creatorMuktar, Meki S.
dc.creatorJones, Christopher S.
dc.creatorYi, Xianfeng
dc.creatorZhang, Jiyu
dc.date2021-02
dc.date2020-10-25T16:22:45Z
dc.date2020-10-25T16:22:45Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T17:18:12Z
dc.descriptionElephant grass (2n = 4x = 28; Cenchrus purpureus Schumach.), also known as Napier grass, is an important forage grass and potential energy crop in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and America. However, no study has yet reported a genome assembly for elephant grass at the chromosome scale. Here, we report a high‐quality chromosome‐scale genome of elephant grass with a total size of 1.97 Gb and a 1.5% heterozygosity rate, obtained using short‐read sequencing, single‐molecule long‐read sequencing and Hi‐C chromosome conformation capture. Evolutionary analysis showed that subgenome A' of elephant grass and pearl millet may have originated from a common ancestor more than 3.22 million years ago (MYA). Further, allotetraploid formation occurred at approximately 6.61 MYA. Syntenic analyses within elephant grass and with other grass species indicated that elephant grass has experienced chromosomal rearrangements. We found that some key enzyme‐encoding gene families related to the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins and flavonoids were expanded and highly expressed in leaves, which probably drives the production of these major anthocyanidin compounds and explains why this elephant grass cultivar has a high anthocyanidin content. In addition, we found a high copy number and transcript levels of genes involved in C4 photosynthesis and hormone signal transduction pathways that may contribute to the fast growth of elephant grass. The availability of elephant grass genome data advances our knowledge of the genetic evolution of elephant grass and will contribute to further biological research and breeding as well as for other polyploid plants in the genus Cenchrus.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/109961
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/148250
dc.languageen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceYan Q, Wu F, Xu P, Sun Z, Li J, Gao L, Lu L, Chen D, Muktar M, Jones C, Yi X, and Zhang J. 2020. The elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus) genome provides insights into anthocyanidin accumulation and fast growth. Molecular Ecology Resources
dc.subjectpennisetum purpureum
dc.subjectgrasses
dc.subjectanimal feeding
dc.subjectmixed farming
dc.titleThe elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus) genome provides insights into anthocyanidin accumulation and fast growth
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Pecuarias (ILRI)