Nutrition, diet, and academic performance among school-age children in urban low-income settings: A case-control study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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dc.creatorAdugna, Yimer Mihretie
dc.creatorAyelign, Abebe
dc.creatorZerfu, Tadesse Alemu
dc.date2026-04
dc.date2026-02-26T19:41:55Z
dc.date2026-02-26T19:41:55Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T15:00:35Z
dc.descriptionObjective To examine the effects of nutrition, dietary practices, and other related factors on academic performance and IQ among children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A case-control study was conducted among 309 children aged 6–14 years attending public and private schools in low-income districts of Addis Ababa from March to August 2023. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate crude (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results Hand washing (AOR = 3.7; 95% CI: 1.4, 9.8), access to toilets (AOR = 3.37; 95% CI: 1.25, 9.09), and effective teaching (AOR = 2.94; 95% CI: 1.04, 8.33) good academic performance. Stunting (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.59), underweight (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.70), and overweight (AOR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.14) were associated with poor academic performance. Low meal frequency (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.06, 6.67) and teachers with BA/BSc degrees (AOR = 6.97; 95% CI: 1.14, 42.68) predicted lower IQ. Conclusion Many factors, especially nutrition and diet, strongly influence academic and cognitive performance; targeted school interventions improve outcomes.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/181873
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/91936
dc.languageen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationhttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1409202
dc.relationhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-26107-4
dc.relationhttps://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2025.19.5.815
dc.relationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103492
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceAdugna, Yimer Mihretie; Ayelign, Abebe; and Zerfu, Tadesse Alemu. 2026. Nutrition, diet, and academic performance among school-age children in urban low-income settings: A case-control study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Preventive Medicine Reports 64(April 2026): 103429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103429
dc.subjectcapacity building
dc.subjectnutrition
dc.subjectdiet
dc.subjectschoolchildren
dc.subjecturban areas
dc.subjectchild nutrition
dc.subjectnutritional status
dc.subjectsocioeconomic aspects
dc.titleNutrition, diet, and academic performance among school-age children in urban low-income settings: A case-control study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigación sobre Políticas Alimentarias (IFPRI)