Gender and Equity Issues in Liquid Biofuels Production - Minimizing the Risks to Maximize the Opportunities
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The production of liquid biofuels is rapidly increasing in developing countries, due mainly to the establishment of large-scale biofuel feedstock plantations1. This results in potential socio-economic benefits2, particularly in terms of agricultural employment, as well as risks, which tend to be context-specific. This paper explores the potential gender-differentiated3 risks associated with the large-scale production of first-generation liquid biofuels (see box 1) in developing countries. The ob jective of this study is to engage in an in-depth discussion of some hypothetical risks and identify research and policy strategies to address them, in order to maximize the opportunities offered by biofuels production. A subsequent paper will explore the benefits of small-scale biofuels production for energy generation in rural areas. The potential environmental and socio-economic risks that may arise from the establishment and operation of large-scale plantations for the production of bi ofuels are considered. In addition, some potential risks for food security resulting from an increase in food prices due to the growing use of agricultural crops for biofuels production are discussed. This paper represents a first attempt to go beyond the traditional gender and biofuels debate, which has focused on the gender-differentiated health impacts of household use of solid biofuels. For a comprehensive evaluation of the potential effects of liquid biofuels production on people’s ec onomic and social well-being in developing countries, understanding the genderrelated implications of such production in these countries (particularly in specific socioeconomic and policy contexts) is essential.