Analysis of aquaculture development in Southeast Asia: a policy perspective.
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This paper shows that the rapid expansion of aquaculture in Southeast Asia occurred in response to market demand and profit opportunities with little government involvement. Governments were more enabling than pro-active; they endorsed aquaculture as a source of livelihood or export earnings, but did not provide generous incentives to farmers. It is only recently that, motivated by the sector’s contribution to economic development, food security and the balance of payments, some govern ments have been pro-active, deliberately promoting the sector with such incentives. Having learned from earlier mistakes in the region, most governments intervene with regulations to limit laisser-faire excesses. Further development could be limited by the unavailability of land and fresh water, shortage and price of good quality feed, adequate energy supply and its rising cost, pollution and environmental degradation problems and limited expertise among government officials, but aqu aculture is likely to remain important in Southeast Asia for a long time.