Timor Leste - Issues and Options in the Household Energy Sector : A Scoping Study
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Washington, DC
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The important role of biomass fuels
today. Timor Leste is a relatively small country located in
the eastern part of Timor Island with an area of about 1.5
million ha and an estimated 2007 population of 1.0 million.
At about US$550 GDP per capita, it is one of the least
developed countries in the world, with an estimated 40
percent of the population in poverty. However, the
development of offshore oil and gas resources in partnership
with Australia has recently begun to generate substantial
revenues for the Government. The country still faces huge
challenges ahead, as it tries to rebuild an economy that was
totally devastated during the recent periods of violence and
civil unrest. In the energy sector, several major investment
projects have been initiated that would greatly expand the
power generation and distribution infrastructure, and make
electricity accessible to large numbers of currently
un-served urban and rural people. For the household sector,
there is no question that improved access to electricity
will dramatically improve the quality of life, through
superior electric lighting and the capability to use modern,
more efficient appliances. Electricity, however, is unlikely
to make even a dent in the vast majority of homes as a
substitute for other cooking fuels.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ADVERSE IMPACTS, AGRICULTURAL LANDS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES, AGRICULTURE, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, AIR-DRY, ANIMAL DUNG, APPROACH, ARID LOWLAND, ATMOSPHERE, ATMOSPHERIC CARBON, ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE, AVAILABILITY, BALANCE, BARE LAND, BIOMASS, BIOMASS CARBON, BIOMASS COMBUSTION, BIOMASS CONSUMPTION, BIOMASS DATA, BIOMASS FOR ENERGY, BIOMASS FUEL, BIOMASS FUELS, BIOMASS GROWTH, BIOMASS REGENERATION, BIOMASS REMOVAL, BIOMASS REMOVALS, BIOMASS RESOURCES, BIOMASS SUPPLY, BIOMASS USE, BIOMASS YIELD, CARBON, CARBON CONTENT, CARBON CYCLE, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, CARBON INVENTORIES, CARBON MONOXIDE, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CARBON SINK, CARBON STOCK, CARBON STOCKS, CELLULOSE, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CLOSED FORESTS, CO, COAST, COASTAL AREAS, COMBUSTION, COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY, COMMON SPECIES, COMMUNITY FOREST, CONCENTRATIONS OF POLLUTANTS, CONSUMER OF ENERGY, CROPS, DATA COLLECTION, DEFORESTATION, DEGRADED AREAS, DEMAND FOR ENERGY, DEMAND FOR WOOD, DEMAND MANAGEMENT, DIESEL, DOMINANT SPECIES, ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, ECOLOGICAL ZONES, ELECTRIC POWER, ELECTRICITY, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS FROM FUEL, EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION, EMPLOYMENT, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ENERGY DEMAND, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY MIX, ENERGY SOURCE, ENERGY USE, ENVIRONMENTS, EROSION, FIELD INVESTIGATIONS, FIELD OBSERVATIONS, FISHERIES, FLOODING, FLOODS, FOREST, FOREST AREA, FOREST AREAS, FOREST COVER, FOREST ECOSYSTEMS, FOREST FIRES, FOREST INVENTORY, FOREST LAND, FOREST LANDS, FOREST MANAGEMENT, FOREST PRODUCTS, FOREST PROTECTION, FOREST RESOURCES, FOREST TYPES, FOREST WETLAND, FORESTRY, FORESTRY SYSTEMS, FORESTS, FOSSIL, FOSSIL FUELS, FUEL CONSUMPTION, FUEL COST, FUEL COSTS, FUEL TYPE, FUEL USE, FUELS, FUELWOOD, GAS, GAS RESOURCES, GASOLINE, GHG, GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, GRASSLANDS, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES, HEAT, HOUSEHOLD ENERGY, HYDROCARBONS, IPCC, KEROSENE, KEROSENE CONSUMPTION, KEROSENE LAMPS, LAKES, LAND ALLOCATION, LAND AREA, LAND AREAS, LAND CLEARING, LAND CLEARING FOR AGRICULTURE, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND USE, LAND USE CHANGES, LAND USE DATA, LAND-USE, LAND-USE TYPES, MODERN FUELS, MOISTURE CONTENT, MOUNTAIN AREAS, MOUNTAINS, NATURAL FORESTS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION, NATURAL RESOURCES, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, NITROGEN, NITROGEN OXIDES, OILS, OPEN MARKETS, ORGANIC CARBON, ORGANIC SUBSTANCES, PARTICULATES, PARTNERSHIP, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, PLAINS, PLANTATIONS, PLOTS, POTASSIUM, POWER, POWER GENERATION, POWER SECTOR, POWER SUPPLY, PRECIPITATION, PRIVATE PROPERTY, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC HEALTH, QUALITY CONTROL, RAINFALL, RANGES, RED MANGROVE, RESINS, RHIZOPHORA, ROTATION AGE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SAMPLE SIZE, SATELLITE IMAGE, SHRUBS, SMOKE, SOIL, SOILS, SOLID FUELS, STATISTICAL SAMPLING, STEM WOOD, SUGAR CANE, SUNLIGHT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT, SWAMP, TREE GROWTH, TREE SPECIES, URBAN AREAS, VEGETATION, WATER RESOURCES, WATERSHED, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, WATERSHED PROTECTION, WATERSHEDS, WETLANDS, WOOD ENERGY, WOOD FUEL, WOOD PRODUCTS, WOOD RESOURCES, WOOD SUPPLY, WOODLAND, WOODLOTS, WOODY BIOMASS