Impacts of Extreme Weather Events on Education Outcomes
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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
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Descripción
Extreme weather events are
increasingly disrupting schooling. Yet, these are
underrepresented in the climate change literature. Of 15
review articles on the economic impacts of climate change
published since 2010, only three mention the impacts of
climate change on education. We review available literature
on the effects of weather extremes on education. We outline
key pathways through which these events impact education
outcomes, as well as the magnitude of those impacts.
Evidence implies a significant and adverse relationship
between heat and learning. Studies suggest surpassing a high
temperature threshold makes learning difficult and results
in learning losses. Across studies, each additional day
subject to extreme heat reduces learning. Tropical cyclones,
floods, and wildfires precipitate school closures, which
halt learning. Evidence suggests that one day of school
closures leads to one day of learning lost. Weather extremes
also negatively impact education outcomes through health,
nutrition, poverty, and fragility, among other distal
pathways. We discuss the implications of this evidence for
policy, including the need to adapt education systems to
climate change. Mitigation and adaptation are both urgently
needed as extreme weather events become more frequent and
severe in the context of climate change.
Palabras clave
EDUCATION, LEARNING OUTCOMES, CLIMATE CHANGE, EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS, MITIGATION, ADAPTATION, QUALITY EDUCATION, SDG 4, CLIMATE ACTION, SDG 13, LIFE ON LAND, SDG 15