The impacts of climate change on the irrigation water demand, grain yield, and biomass yield of wheat crop in Nepal

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dc.creatorKaini, S.
dc.creatorHarrison, M.T.
dc.creatorGardner, T.
dc.creatorNepal, Santosh
dc.creatorSharma, A. K.
dc.date2022-09-01
dc.date2022-10-20T11:42:27Z
dc.date2022-10-20T11:42:27Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T18:25:47Z
dc.descriptionThe Nepalese Sunsari Morang Irrigation district is the lifeblood of millions of people in the Koshi River basin. Despite its fundamental importance to food security, little is known about the impacts of climate change on future irrigation demand and grain yields in this region. Here, we examined the impacts of climate change on the irrigation demand and grain yield of wheat crop. Climate change was simulated using Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) of 4.5 and 8.5 for three time horizons (2016–2045, 2036–2065, and 2071–2100) in the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM). For the field data’s measured period (2018–2020), we showed that farmers applied only 25% of the irrigation water required to achieve the maximum potential grain yield. Actual yields were less than 50% of the potential yields. Projected irrigation water demand is likely to increase for RCP4.5 (3%) but likely to decrease under RCP8.5 (8%) due to the truncated crop duration and lower maturity biomass by the end of the 21st century. However, simulated yields declined by 20%, suggesting that even irrigation will not be enough to mitigate the severe and detrimental effects of climate change on crop production. While our results herald positive implications for irrigation demand in the region, the implications for regional food security may be dire.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/125137
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/155575
dc.languageen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceKaini, S.; Harrison, M. T.; Gardner, T.; Nepal, Santosh; Sharma, A. K. 2022. The impacts of climate change on the irrigation water demand, grain yield, and biomass yield of wheat crop in Nepal. Water, 14(17):2728. (Special issue: How Does Agricultural Water Resources Management Adapt to Climate Change?) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w14172728]
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.subjectirrigation water
dc.subjectwater demand
dc.subjectcrop yield
dc.subjectbiomass
dc.subjectwheat
dc.subjectcropping systems
dc.subjectirrigation schemes
dc.subjectirrigation management
dc.subjectcrop modelling
dc.subjectforecasting
dc.subjectwater requirements
dc.subjectextreme weather events
dc.subjectfarmers
dc.subjectbiochemistry
dc.titleThe impacts of climate change on the irrigation water demand, grain yield, and biomass yield of wheat crop in Nepal
dc.typeJournal Article

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