Kyrgyz Republic : Agricultural Policy Update, Volume 2. Main Report

World Bank

Kyrgyz Republic : Agricultural Policy Update, Volume 2. Main Report

Autores

World Bank

Editor

Washington, DC

Descripción

This policy note examines the policy and investment framework between 2003 and 2010, resulting sector performance and the priorities for future development. It draws attention to the need to refocus on completing the fundamental reforms and investments on which Kyrgyzstan's early successes were built. These include further development of land market, building rural finance markets, further public investment and institutional development in the irrigation sector, encouraging greater private investment in the seeds sector and machinery services, public-private partnerships for advisory service provision, completion of ongoing reforms in pasture management, development of veterinary services and improving the business environment for private investment in agro-processing. The policy Note discusses the government's approach to achieving greater food security, which centers on food self-sufficiency and discusses why this is not the best route to raising low rural incomes - the root cause of food insecurity. The report discusses some of the policies conceived after the food price crisis, including intervention in output markets, and argues that these are likely to be unaffordable, ineffective and will divert limited resources away from more important reforms. The policy note describes possible approaches to development of the sector, including minimal government intervention in markets, promoting responsibility for management of natural resources with communities, facilitating user contributions to infrastructure investments and the cost of services and provision of public services through private providers. These were the foundation of many of Kyrgyzstan's earlier successes but also respond to the new imperatives brought about by the 2010 political crisis, including the renewed urgency for growth and stability in the agricultural sector to rebuild rural communities, fiscal discipline to address the budget deficit and improved governance to restore confidence in government. The strategic objectives could more usefully emphasize the need to: a) raise rural incomes; b) protect vulnerable consumers from price and supply shocks; c) increase agricultural profitability and reduce risk; d) protect consumers from public health risks; and e) arrest environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity.

Palabras clave

ABSOLUTE POVERTY, ACCESS TO CREDIT, ACCESS TO FOOD, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ACCESS TO MARKETS, AGRIBUSINESS, AGRICULTURAL CENSUS, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL FINANCE, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE, AGRICULTURAL MARKET, AGRICULTURAL MARKETS, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL WAGES, AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL, ANIMAL DISEASE, ANIMAL DISEASE CONTROL, ANIMAL DISEASES, ANIMAL HEALTH, ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY, ANIMALS, ANTHRAX, ARABLE LAND, ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, ASSET MANAGEMENT, BASIC FOODSTUFFS, BASIC RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, BIODIVERSITY, BORDER TRADE, BREEDING, BRUCELLOSIS, BUDGET ALLOCATIONS, BUDGET DEFICIT, CALVING RATES, CAPACITY-BUILDING, CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAMS, CATTLE, CEREAL CROPS, CERTIFIED SEED, CONFLICT, CREDIT MARKETS, CROP, CROP AREA, CROP AREAS, CROP RESEARCH, DAIRY, DAIRY PRODUCTS, DISEASE CONTROL, DISEASE SURVEILLANCE, DOMESTIC DEMAND, DROUGHT, ECHINOCOCCOSIS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE, EPIZOOTIC, EPIZOOTIC DISEASES, EQUITABLE ACCESS, ETHNIC CONFLICT, EUROPEAN COMMISSION, EXPORT MARKETS, EXTREME POVERTY, FAO, FARM, FARM EMPLOYMENT, FARM INCOMES, FARM IRRIGATION, FARM MANAGEMENT, FARM SECTOR, FARM SIZE, FARM SYSTEMS, FARM WATER, FARMER, FARMERS, FARMING, FEED, FLOUR, FODDER, FODDER CROPS, FOOD ACCESS, FOOD AVAILABILITY, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD DEMAND, FOOD DISTRIBUTION, FOOD EXPENDITURE, FOOD IMPORTS, FOOD INDUSTRY, FOOD INSECURE HOUSEHOLDS, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD PRICE, FOOD PRICE INFLATION, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PRODUCTS, FOOD RESERVES, FOOD SAFETY, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD SELF- SUFFICIENCY, FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY, FOOD SUPPLY, FRUIT, GRAIN, GRAIN CROPS, GRAINS, HARVEST, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLDS WITH LIVESTOCK, HUMAN HEALTH, IFAD, INCOME, INEQUALITY, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSURANCE, IRRIGATION, IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, LAND REFORM, LAND RIGHTS, LIVESTOCK DISEASE, LIVESTOCK GRAZING, LIVESTOCK MARKETS, LIVESTOCK NUMBERS, LIVESTOCK NUTRITION, LIVESTOCK OUTPUT, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY, LIVESTOCK SALES, LIVESTOCK SECTOR, LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY, MEAT, MEAT PRODUCTS, MEAT SUPPLY, MICROFINANCE, MILK, MOA, NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE CONTROL, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NUTRITION, PASTURE MANAGEMENT, PASTURES, PLANT BREEDING, PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION, POLLUTANTS, POOR, POTABLE WATER, POTATOES, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION OBJECTIVE, PRICE STABILIZATION, PRIVATE BREEDERS, PRIVATE VETERINARIANS, PROCESSED FOODS, PROGRAM MANAGEMENT, PROTECTION OF PLANT VARIETIES, PUBLIC SPENDING, RABIES, RAW MATERIALS, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, REGIONAL DROUGHTS, REGIONAL OFFICE, RISK MANAGEMENT, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL ECONOMY, RURAL EMPLOYMENT, RURAL FINANCE, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOMES, RURAL INEQUALITY, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RURAL INHABITANTS, RURAL LABOR, RURAL POVERTY, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SEASONAL GRAZING, SEED CERTIFICATION, SEEDS, SHEEP, SLAUGHTER, SMALL FARMS, SMALLHOLDERS, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, SOILS, STOCKING RATES, SUNFLOWER OIL, TARGETING, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, UPOV, VACCINATION PROGRAMS, VACCINES, VEGETABLES, VETERINARIAN, VETERINARIANS, VETERINARY, VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, VETERINARY DRUG, VETERINARY LABORATORIES, VETERINARY RESEARCH, VETERINARY SERVICE, VETERINARY SERVICES, VULNERABLE GROUPS, VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS, WATER AVAILABILITY, WATER RESOURCES, WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, WATER USERS, WFP, WHEAT, WHEAT PRODUCTION, WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME, ZOONOTIC DISEASES