Zambia : The Challenge of Competitiveness and Diversification
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Washington, DC
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This study was designed to go below the
radar of Zambia's macroeconomic developments to examine
trends, constraints, and opportunities in specific economic
subsectors. It sought to build upon existing and planned
analyses within the country in order to better understand:
1) the underlying bases for competitive advantage and
disadvantage in the evolving Zambian economy; 2) the likely
sustainability of those patterns of economic diversification
which have already taken place; 3) what linkages have and
have not been formed within the agricultural and mining
sectors which might still be a basis for future growth; 4)
the specific effects of certain macroeconomic developments
and "external" events on different stakeholders
and the types of responses they have made to these; and 5)
what measures could be taken to improve competitiveness
within the Zambian economy and accelerate future growth. The
work was designed to complement on-going analytical work,
especially by the Export Board of Zambia and the Zambia
National Farmers Union, ans also complement on-going work to
assess the constraints and opportunities facing
Zambia's tourism sector. The present study draws upon
available data, an updated analysis of agricultural
production costs and profitability, and surveys of private
agribusiness, non-traditional export, and mining (and
mining-related companies. A parallel analysis was undertaken
on the food and agricultural import demand into South
Africa, a potential trade destination.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTING, AGRICULTURAL PRICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURE, ARABLE LAND, BANKING SECTOR, COMMODITY PRICES, COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSUMERS, COPPER PRICES, DEPOSITS, DOMESTIC MARKET, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPACT, EMPLOYMENT, EXCHANGE RATE, EXCHANGE RATES, EXPORTS, FISCAL DEFICITS, FISHERIES, FOOD PRODUCTION, FORESTRY, FUEL TAXES, FUELS, GDP, GROWTH POTENTIAL, HOUSING, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMPORTS, INFLATION, INTEREST RATES, INTERMEDIATE INPUTS, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, LABOR FORCE, LEVEL PLAYING FIELD, MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET DEMAND, MARKET LIBERALIZATION, MARKET SUPPLY, MARKETING, MERCHANDISE, MERCHANDISE EXPORTS, MERCHANDISING, NATURAL RESOURCES, PER CAPITA INCOME, POSITIVE EFFECTS, PRICING POLICIES, PRIVATIZATION, PRODUCT MARKETS, PRODUCTION COSTS, PRODUCTIVE ASSETS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROFITABILITY, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PURCHASING, PURCHASING POWER, QUALITY STANDARDS, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RETAILING, RISK MANAGEMENT, SALES, SPREAD, SUBSTITUTION, SUPPLIERS, SUPPLY CHAINS, TAX REFORM, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRADE DEFICIT, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSPORT, UNFAIR COMPETITION, VOLATILITY, WEALTH, WHOLESALING, WORKING CAPITAL, WTO COMPETITIVENESS, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS, MARKET ACCESS, ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, MINING SECTOR, MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS, AGRIBUSINESS, COPPER MINING, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, TRADE REGIME, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, GOVERNMENT ROLE, EXPORT PROCEDURES, MANUFACTURING, CONSUMER GOODS, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRANSACTION COSTS, VALUE ADDED TAXES, ECONOMIC ZONES, LABOR REGULATIONS, JOB SECURITY, CONTRACTORS, TRADE BARRIERS, QUALITY STANDARDS, COMPLIANCE, ENABLING ENVIRONMENT, REGULATORY ENVIRONMENTS, TEXTILE INDUSTRY, ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES, FOOD PROCESSING, GEM CUTTING, FLOWER INDUSTRY, HUMAN CAPITAL