Endogenous Irrigation : The Impact of Climate Change on Farmers in Africa

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dc.creatorKurukulasuriya, Pradeep
dc.creatorMendelsohn, Robert
dc.date2012-06-07T20:26:34Z
dc.date2012-06-07T20:26:34Z
dc.date2007-07
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:07:13Z
dc.descriptionPrevious Ricardian analyses of agriculture have either omitted irrigation or treated irrigation as though it is exogenous. In practice, it is a choice by farmers that is sensitive to climate. This paper develops a choice model of irrigation in the context of a Ricardian model of cropland. The authors examine how climate affects the decision to use irrigation and then how climate affects the net revenues of dryland and irrigated land. This Ricardian "selection" model, using a modified Heckman model, is then estimated across 8,400 farmers in Africa. The analysis explicitly models irrigation but controls for the endogeneity of irrigation. The authors find that the choice of irrigation is sensitive to both temperature and precipitation. Simulations of the welfare impacts of several climate scenarios demonstrate that a model which assumes irrigation is exogenous provides a biased estimate of the welfare effects of climate change. If dryland and irrigation are to be estimated separately in the Ricardian model, irrigation must be modeled endogenously. The results also indicate that African agriculture is sensitive to climate change. Many farmers in Africa will experience net revenue losses from warming. Irrigated farms, on the other hand, are more resilient to temperature change and, on the margin, are likely to realize slight gains in productivity. But any reduction in precipitation will be especially deleterious to dryland farmers, generally the poorest segment of the agriculture community. The results indicate that irrigation is an effective adaptation against loss of rainfall and higher temperatures provided there is sufficient water available. This will be an effective remedy in select regions of Africa with water. However, for many regions there is no available surface water, so that warming scenarios with reduced rainfall are particularly deleterious.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/07/7848144/endogenous-irrigation-impact-climate-change-farmers-africa
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/7465
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4278
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/415367
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 4278
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectBASIN
dc.subjectCLAY
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGES
dc.subjectCLIMATE IMPACTS
dc.subjectCLIMATE SENSITIVITY
dc.subjectCLIMATE VARIABLES
dc.subjectCLOUDS
dc.subjectDICHOTOMOUS CHOICE
dc.subjectELASTICITIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectFARMS
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectGLOBAL WARMING
dc.subjectHYDROLOGY
dc.subjectHYDROMETEOROLOGY
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectIRRIGATION
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLAND ECONOMICS
dc.subjectLAND SURFACE
dc.subjectMEASUREMENTS
dc.subjectMETEOROLOGY
dc.subjectNORMALS
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION QUANTITIES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectRAINFALL
dc.subjectREGIONAL WATER RESOURCES
dc.subjectSAND
dc.subjectSATELLITES
dc.subjectSCIENCES
dc.subjectSILT
dc.subjectSOIL
dc.subjectSOILS
dc.subjectSPRING
dc.subjectSURFACE TEMPERATURE
dc.subjectSURFACE WATER
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE CHANGE
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE CHANGES
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE DATA
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWATER RESOURCES
dc.subjectWELFARE EFFECTS
dc.titleEndogenous Irrigation : The Impact of Climate Change on Farmers in Africa

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