Temporal variation of penetration resistance in an agroforestry system with oil palm.
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Soil penetration resistance penetration is property important to characterize the state of soil compaction in cultivated systems. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the impacts of management and moisture on soil penetration resistance in an agroforestry system with oil palm. The research was carried out at an experimental site, located in the county of Tomé-Açu, eastern Amazon, Brazil. The system is called the Biodiverse Agroforestry System (AFS-BIO), with oil palm as the species with the greatest economic value. We collect soil samples weeded circle oil palm (ACP); Harvest path (CAR); leaf pile (PIL) and diversified strip (DIV) in depths 0-5; 5-10; 10-20; 20-30 and 30-50 cm of soil for determine gravimetric moisture. The penetration resistance is determined by means of an impact penetrometer with a cone angle of 30°. Soil resistance in periods of lower moisture is higher than in periods of high soil moisture. There is an increase in resistance with the depth of the soil, which may possibly be influenced by the increase in bulk density. In the period of lower moisture the soil resistance reached critical values, mainly in the harvest path, due to the passage of machines in this management zone. Soil moisture and management are the main factors that directly influence soil penetration resistance.
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Management zones, Mechanical resistance, Amazonia